The rapid development of technology has made electrical wiring easier, more durable and safer. This factor largely depends on how firmly the socket is fixed in the wall and what material its junction box is made of. If a few decades ago, accidental removal of a product from a panel was a common occurrence, now it is a great rarity, the cause of which is an installation error. The technology of manufacturing and fixing products ensures the reliability of fixing devices and prevents the very possibility of fires during overloads and short circuits. The main role here is played by a metal socket.
Classification of socket boxes
Mounting boxes are designed to be placed inside the walls of sockets, key switches, devices for controlling the parameters of household appliances.
Products are classified by purpose, depending on the material of manufacture and the construction of the walls:
- For concrete and brick. Non-combustible panels can be completed with all types of products that suit property owners in terms of price and ease of installation. Wooden sockets are practically not used, since at a high cost they are unreliable in terms of strength and resistance to high temperatures.
- For drywall. Devices with special spacers are used to ensure reliable fixation on thin plates. Another way is to attach it to a mounting platform or steel frame. For this, an iron socket is best suited, which has a sufficient margin of safety.
- For wood. In accordance with the requirements of GOST, the socket for wood must be made exclusively of non-combustible materials. These are metal and some types of plastic that have the appropriate technical characteristics.
One of the parameters of the installation boxes is their shape and size. The diameter of the standard cylindrical product is 71mm, with a depth ranging from 25mm to 80mm.
The most common products are round. They are used for mounting both single nests and their combination in blocks. Rectangular boxes are used for assembling units combined with switches and telecommunication wires. Oval boxes are used to fit triple and double shoes.
Socket boxes for wooden houses
When choosing socket outlets for a wooden house, you should dwell on metal products. In most cases, black galvanized iron is used for their manufacture. Considering the peculiarities of the operation of boxes, the use of copper or aluminum is economically impractical.
In accordance with SNiP, for the purpose of fire safety, open wiring must be installed in buildings made of timber, logs and plywood panels. Based on this, it is planned to install external control devices of the surface-mounted type. It is simply illogical to sink them when the cable goes along the walls.
A metal socket for wood is installed in such cases:
- It is necessary to remove the cable laid by an open method from the next room for the installation of adjacent sockets with a common lead. When installed on solid wood, the weight of the devices does not matter.
- The inner and outer walls are panels made of plywood and basalt wool. This material does not burn and is an excellent dielectric. It is possible to lay communications of any power in it, since cotton wool will protect both from open flames and from high temperatures.
- Cable laying inside solid wood. The passage of wires inside corrugated metal tubes is allowed. This is a very difficult and time-consuming job, but connoisseurs of aesthetics are ready to bear great expenses for it.
In all cases, non-flammable flush mounts must be installed, since they have direct contact with wood, finishing and finishing.
Design features
Unlike plastic counterparts, steel boxes have smooth outer edges, since they are not provided for fastening to an adhesive composition. The tree is constantly changing size and volume due to temperature and humidity changes. Under such conditions, the solution will be ineffective. Some models have external clips for collecting single socket outlets into multi-socket modules. In the bottom of the glasses there are holes with membranes for cable entry. These devices ensure the tightness of the connection, preventing the migration of insects through the internal channels.
In accordance with the current fire safety rules, the following requirements are imposed on the installation:
- There must be a rigid connection between the pipe and the glass. It is carried out using soldering.
- It is forbidden to use synthetic compounds for gluing the box in the hole.
- The distance from the gas pipe is at least 50 cm.
- Height from the floor within 20-100 cm.
- Distance from sink, washbasin, shower is more than 60 cm.
When installing sockets near doors, you need to choose the side where the handles are located, not the hinges.
Using log pads
Drilling through solid wood is a very difficult and expensive process that is simply impossible to carry out on your own. This requires special equipment and skills to perform precise horizontal and vertical channels of great length. It is much easier to follow the path of less resistance, using the technology of laying electrical wiring in walls made of concrete and brick. It is about laying the grooves in which the corrugated steel tube will be laid.
The problem is that the channels cannot be sealed with putty or mastic. For this, special plastic linings are used that authentically imitate natural wood. To reduce the amount of work, the cable is laid under the skirting boards and platbands. In conclusion, one horizontal groove is made, which, after fixing the cable in it, is closed with a cover. A glass-shaped hole is made in the cover itself. After installing the socket housing, it is closed with a cover.
Installation of socket outlets in wooden walls
Installation of installation boxes is not particularly difficult.
To do this, you need to have:
- drill;
- wood crown of the required size;
- screwdriver;
- self-tapping screws;
- bit;
- a hammer.
Before starting drilling, you need to compact the wood with a hammer. After that, grease it with PVA glue or egg white. This will strengthen the surface, avoid the appearance of chips and scuffing of fibers during drilling. After driving the bit into the wall, the cylinder is removed using a chisel and hammer. The socket is inserted into the hole and screwed on with self-tapping screws. This completes the installation.
