The procedure for connecting electricity to the land - rules

Multi-apartment city buildings are equipped with all systems of amenities, including electricity and gas supply, water supply, heating. Country houses and cottages do not have such systems; they must be carried out independently. The process of conducting electricity to a land plot is impossible without observing the technical requirements and the legality of the procedure. The landlord must obtain an electrification permit, develop and approve the project, and only then do the wiring. All formalities must be followed. To do this, you need to contact various structures. In case of illegal connection, the owner of the site faces punishment up to criminal liability and imprisonment.

Filing an application

Connecting electricity at a summer cottage is not just a cable broach, but a whole procedure that requires obtaining permits from the relevant state authorities. Technological connection is regulated by the Government Decree No. 861 of December 27, 2004. According to this document, the connection can be made only after the conclusion of an agreement with the company that owns the power lines closest to the site.

To comply with the legality of the procedure, the owner must draw up and submit an application to the organization in any way convenient for him - in person, by mail or online. The application is drawn up according to a specific plan, samples can be found in the corresponding network companies.

Before connecting the electricity to the IZhS, you need to sign an agreement. To conclude it, there must be technical connectivity. You can get it only if you comply with the technical conditions. They are sent by the network organization to the site owner along with the draft agreement within 15 days after the application is accepted. Within 30 days, the applicant is obliged to familiarize himself with the contract and technical conditions, then sign the papers and transfer one copy to the network company. If the deadline is not met, the application will be canceled. Conditions can be negotiated with the service provider - then it is possible to extend the period for the time set by the network company.

It is important to note that the operator has no right to refuse an applicant to connect. Even if the site is far away, the company is obliged to consider the application and send the necessary documents and specifications. In case of refusal to consider the application, the applicant can apply for the organization to the court.

Before signing a contract with a company, you should make sure that it has the appropriate licenses and certificates. This will avoid the risk of concluding a contract with scammers and losing funds.

Required documents for connecting electricity to the site

In addition to the application, the owner is obliged to collect and submit the following package of documents:

• Layout plan for devices that receive electricity: a fragment of the cadastral map with the boundaries of the site, a town planning plan, etc.
• Scheme of power grids for consumers with a rated voltage above 35 kW.
• Documents confirming ownership.
• List of connected devices with indication of power.
• Copy of the applicant's passport.

The network operator cannot request other types of documents. This list is established by law and cannot be changed.

What should be in the connection request

The application is drawn up in a strictly regulated form. According to the rules, it must contain the following data:

• Applicant information and passport details.
• Place of actual residence.
• Names and locations of connected devices.
• Project preparation time.
• Commissioning period.
• The name of the network company.
• Requested power (for household appliances no more than 15 kW).

The application can be submitted in any way. It can be brought in person to the branch of a network company, sent by mail or through an electronic portal. In the latter case, the owner of the dacha must have an account on the State Services website. A sample can be obtained from your network organization.

Connection costs

The price of conducting electricity to a site depends on many factors. These include:

• requested power;
• the distance from the site to the distribution facility;
• number of electrical supply devices;
• technical conditions.

Individuals pay a fixed cost of 550 rubles, subject to the following conditions:

• The distance to the distribution point is 300 m or 500 m in rural areas.
• The requested power does not exceed 15 kW.
• No more than one source of supply is used.

All costs associated with laying cables on the site, equipping supports and installing meters are paid by the customer himself. The price with all components can reach 50 thousand rubles. It all depends on the requirements, the selected equipment and the individual characteristics of the site.

Electrification project creation

When the technical conditions are agreed and the contract is signed, the electrification plan can be created. There are two types of projects:

• External electrification. Laying of networks in the area outside the premises.
• Internal electrification. Arrangement of the electrical network in all types of premises (house, garage, barn and others).

The external electrification plan is created by private organizations according to the technical requirements of the operator. The price of services depends on the complexity of the work.

Any project contains graphic and text parts. The graphic should contain the following data:

• image of networks indicating the boundaries of the site;
• place of installation of metering device4
• plan for connecting cables from the support to the transformer;
• a grounding plan with a detailed description of the parts used;

  

• layout of electrical equipment.

The text part contains:

• characteristics of power supply sources;
• description of the electrification project;
• data on the number of connected devices and their load;
• information about cables, lighting;
• single-line power supply diagram.

Then you can proceed to the supply of electricity to the site in the village.

Rules for connecting land plots to the power grid

The network operator only carries out the supply of electrical lines to the ground. All other installation work is carried out by the owner. The applicant can contact a private organization that will help to conduct electricity or make a pipe stand for supplying electricity with his own hands.

When laying the cables, the conditions must be respected. The wiring is carried out in one of two ways - by air and underground. Before you conduct electricity to the site, you should familiarize yourself with the requirements of different types of wiring. When air routing, the following points must be observed:

• maximum distance between supports - 15 m;
• the distance from the last support to the entrance to the house is not more than 10 m;
• the maximum point above the ground level of the cable sag is 6 m, the minimum is 3.5 m;
• lack of touching vegetation, trees and other objects;
• the cable enters the structure at a height above 2.75 m;
• the minimum cross-section of the SIP cable is 16 mm.

For underground cable routing:

• The depth of occurrence is from 80 cm.
• The protective pipe must be raised to a level of at least 2 m of the support, from which the wires go to the ground.
• The cable is laid in a protective pipe or corrugation.
• A signal tape is laid 25 cm from the wires, indicating the presence of electrical cables.
• The width of the trench is 30-40 cm or more.
• The wire must be checked for operability before burying.

Air spacer is cheaper and more practical, especially in non-building areas. With IZHS with buildings, underground wiring is done.

Checking and connecting procedure

After the application for connecting electricity to the land has been submitted and considered, the contract has been signed and the technical conditions have been met, the owner notifies the grid company about this. It is necessary to submit an electrification plan, technical data sheets for equipment. Further, the compliance with the technical conditions is checked and the equipment is inspected, including the pipe rack for electricity. The time of the check is agreed in advance with the owner of the cottage.

If during the inspection the inspector said that everything was done correctly, acts should be drawn up:

• Inspection of electrical equipment.
• On the fulfillment of technical conditions.
• About technological connection.
• About the admission of the metering device.
• Balance sheet boundaries.
• Operational responsibility.

All documentation should be completed free of charge. Charging for the procedure is prohibited by law.

A contract is concluded with a company that deals with electricity. After signing the contract, the user can legally use the power grid. The electrification process takes 4-6 months.

What threatens spontaneous connection

The above procedure is official and legal. By circumventing the legally established procedure, the owner may incur the following penalties:

• Compensation for damage in the amount of the estimated volume of electricity. After that, you need to go through all the stages of electrification in accordance with the law.
• Administrative responsibility. For individuals, the fine can be 10-15 thousand rubles.
• Criminal liability with a fine of up to 300 thousand rubles, forced labor, imprisonment for up to 2 years.

The risks are unjustified, so it is easier and safer to connect to the network in accordance with the law.

Alternative types of energy

Alternative energy sources are in great demand. They are independent of the grid companies, so they can be started without going through the electrification procedure. You can connect the light on the site using an alternative method yourself.

The most common sources of alternative electricity for the site are:

• Solar energy. With the help of solar panels, electricity and heat are obtained. The disadvantages include dependence on weather conditions. In winter, such devices cannot operate at full capacity. The cost of a complete system for a suburban area is about 130 thousand rubles.
• Wind energy. This is one of the most affordable, simple and promising methods of autonomous electricity generation. The system costs about 90 thousand rubles. To provide electricity to an ordinary house, a 3-5 kW / h generator is sufficient. Disadvantages include the noise of the device and the inconsistency of the wind situation.
• Geothermal energy. This is the most technologically complex process of generating electricity. Energy is obtained from steam from geothermal sources.The main disadvantage is dependence on geographic location, which is why this type of energy cannot be used everywhere. There are 6 geothermal power plants in Russia.

All types of autonomous energy can be used together with power supply from the nearest point. For example, solar energy is often used for lighting. They can also be used as a backup energy source in the event of a power outage or power outage.

Electrification of garden partnerships

The entire procedure described is suitable for connecting private houses. The connection of light on the site of garden non-profit partnerships (SNT) or agricultural purposes occurs according to a different algorithm. New rules were developed for connecting to power grids in SNT. The connection is not handled by the owner, but by the appointed representative of the partnership. The issue of electrification is raised at a meeting of gardening members.

Networks are led to the boundaries of the partnerships. Electricity is supplied to each site by the joint efforts of the members of the partnership.

The total cost consists of a mandatory payment of 550 rubles from each site and the price of infrastructure development. On average, the costs are approximately 30-35 thousand from each owner. How much the connection costs depends on various factors - the choice of materials, location, characteristics of the territory, climatic conditions.

If people voted against, any owner has the right to independently connect to electricity without their consent. All expenses, as well as the electricity permit, he receives and pays himself.

Electricity tariffs

The cost of electricity depends on the type of settlement and the region in which it is located. Residents of rural areas have electricity benefits. Usually the discount is 30%, but it can vary depending on the region.

Only residents who have the official status of a rural municipality can receive the privilege. Otherwise, the cost set by the city is paid. Likewise for residents of urban-type settlements. They pay according to the city rate, regardless of the state of the infrastructure and the level of income in the village.