The purpose of the power limiter is to control the received voltage. If the permissible load level is exceeded, the consumer's electrical network is automatically disconnected. If more devices are turned on simultaneously than provided for in the plan, the relay will turn off the general power supply to the circuit. There are different types of devices with specific functions. To find the optimal limiter, you need to familiarize yourself with them in advance.
Purpose, functions, types of power limiters
If the voltage exceeds the permissible limits, the limiter opens the electrical circuit. This allows you to save technical appliances for household or industrial use (depending on the type of device). Additional protection is needed for most of the equipment, especially digital and high-power ones: computers, washing machines, ovens. Main functions:
- Control of the incoming current level.
- Providing protection against unauthorized connection. Subscribers are often turned on without notifying the relevant organizations, which is illegal. The limiter controls the number of users and the allowable voltage level.
- Control of some mechanisms, for example, a car engine, microwave oven, scooter, emergency systems.
Due to the wide range of applications, manufacturers are constantly improving the models of limiters. New devices are introduced to the market every year, so it is important to understand the details and descriptions.
Types of devices
Models differ in technical characteristics: allowable voltage, scope and other parameters. Popular are:
- PF10 - are connected to the equipment of the self-supporting insulated wire type, it is permissible to install seals against illegal insertion, often come complete with removable fuses.
- OSP6 - devices have a compact size, high level of protection and seals, suitable for apartment panels.
- OPS635 - suitable for both industrial and household electrical panels, keep local networks under control.
- PZR - one of the most popular models, allows you to save electrical energy. It can turn off the current consumption for a specified period of time, it can be easily removed from the metal rail of the electrical panel.
- PZS23 - are used for direct protection against accidents: loss of volts, voltage drop, power control.
Several bases and circuits are connected inside the devices. Additionally, electromechanical and semiconductor relays, microprocessor-based controllers are installed. The mechanism is convenient and easy to use, there is a significant number of settings and functions. Modern devices have a display for displaying the calibration results - technological limiters are convenient and safe to use.
Advantages and disadvantages
3-phase and 1-phase power limiters are devices that protect the connected mechanisms and perform several other functions.The devices are quite useful - they increase the safety of the electrical network, control the operation of some installations. Advantages:
- accuracy of readings;
- tracking the active part of the voltage and reactive;
- the ability to work in a wide range of ambient temperatures;
- color coding of wires or display is used - allows you to track the current voltage level;
- some models can be manually adjusted according to some parameters, for example, the time of complete disconnection of the network in case of current surges.
It is possible to set the limit value larger than the one provided by the network. In the process of work, it is enough to monitor the readings of the power limiter and, if necessary, correct the set parameters.
How to connect the device correctly
More often, the power limiter is installed next to the electricity consumption meter. Installation requires some knowledge and skills in electrical engineering. But if you decide to install the device yourself, you must first familiarize yourself with the general rules and requirements. Procedure:
- Decide on the parameters of the electrical network.
- Set the power value of the current circuit.
- Calculate the disconnection time from the mains.
It is important to observe the general rules of technical safety, set forth for working with electrical appliances. The accompanying elements require careful attention: fuses, wires, clamps and others.
Installation of the device is simple - most of the models are fixed with special clips on a DIN rail. After fixing, connect the wires, then check the device's performance.
First, a voltage is applied that is less than that for which the device is designed. The test mode is set for a short time, just to test the device.
First, the green indicator lights up, then you can apply more voltage than is required for this network. The red indicator should turn on, then disconnection will occur. After a while, the connection will be restored, and the system will continue to work in the same mode. If installed correctly, you can connect the devices permanently.
The power limiter is an optional attribute of the electrical network, the electrical panel works without such parts. However, additional equipment will help save electrical devices, save energy and control the operation of some mechanisms. It is better to entrust the installation to the masters. Self-installation requires care and caution - non-compliance with safety requirements can lead to injuries, fires and other consequences.
