Installation and installation of a storage tank for sewerage

A country house is clean air, greenery, convenience. However, the owners face some difficulties, especially if the area is just beginning to be populated and there is no central water supply and sewerage system. In order not to feel discomfort and enjoy all the benefits of civilization, you will have to install a local septic tank, the main parts of which are pipes and a storage tank. If the pipes are installed in most cases from plastic, then the septic tank can be equipped from any material - concrete, brick, plastic, metal. Plastic is more often used, since it is cheaper, lighter and easier to install. Moreover, it is not inferior in strength to other varieties.

Definition and purpose of tanks for sewage

Containers for autonomous sewerage serve as waste accumulators. They decompose organic matter and partially purify them with the help of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. Reasons why you need to use sealed storage tanks for sewage in the country:

• Maintaining the cleanliness of the surrounding space and reservoirs.
• Close occurrence of groundwater. The closed bottom of the septic tank will not allow the waste masses to rise and spill over the site.
• The ability to clean up drains by 70% and safely drain them into the ground.
• Convenience of using the sewerage system. Any plumbing fixtures and cleaning devices can be installed in the house.

If a stream flows underground or there is a spring on the site, installing a sealed sewage system in a plastic container will not spoil the quality of drinking water.

Plastic, fiberglass or metal sewerage tanks are used in the construction of all types of septic tanks - a cesspool, a multi-chamber well (septic tank), a biological station.

The accumulator is a single-chamber tank, from which the waste water is periodically pumped out by a suction truck. Many people believe that this is an expensive procedure that needs to be done often, so septic tanks are installed.

A septic tank is a two- or three-chamber well. There are pipes between the partitions, through which the settled liquid is poured into the next tank for additional treatment. In a two-chamber container, the second compartment has no bottom. The purified liquid goes into the ground or filtration fields. Specialist help is needed here, since not every type of soil absorbs water well and it can stagnate. The most successful option for installing a septic tank is sandstone, where the rate of water absorption is high.

The biological treatment station consists of several caissons for the sewerage, one of which has an opening for air supply. In such containers, water is 95% purified, after which it can be discharged into reservoirs or fields. The liquid does not pose a danger to living organisms and humans. Industrial water is used for washing cars, watering the garden.

Manufacturing material

The containers are made of polymers - plastic, fiberglass. You can find metal and concrete specimens on sale. Concrete is less and less used for the construction of sewage systems. Due to constant humidity, it collapses and serves much less. At the same time, installation work cannot be performed without the involvement of construction equipment due to the too high weight of the products. The concrete structures themselves are cheaper, but require additional work to seal and strengthen the connecting seams between the rings.The plus is that you can make a septic tank of any width and depth from the rings, cover it with a partition and put a concrete hatch. All these parts are manufactured by the industry according to the corresponding sizes.

Metal cisterns or tanks are also heavy and therefore difficult to assemble by yourself. A construction crane is involved for installation. If the container is not painted from the inside with paint, then it will not last long due to corrosion. Before installation in the ground, the metal is covered with enamel on the outside so that the metal does not come into contact with the ground.

Plastic tanks and tanks

Plastic containers for sewerage in a country house are in first place in popularity. They are made of various types of polymer materials:

• Fiberglass. The newest material with a service life of 100 years. Compared to concrete and polyethylene, it retains its tightness throughout the entire period of operation. Resistant to aggressive liquids and does not deteriorate under the influence of detergents. Low thermal conductivity allows you not to insulate the container when installed in the ground. In terms of strength, fiberglass is comparable to steel, while it is lightweight and affordable.
• Polyethylene. Temperature resistant material. If you choose polyethylene for sewerage, you need to buy a seamless cistern. For safety, it is embedded in a metal grate so that ground movements do not damage the container. Plus polyethylene is mass production, which makes it possible to buy a tank in any supermarket at a cheap price.
• Polypropylene. With a low density, polypropylene containers have great strength, are resistant to mechanical damage and temperatures. The polypropylene canister can withstand heating up to 140 degrees without deforming or cracking.

To make the sewage system quickly and for a long time, it is recommended to choose polymer materials.

Dimensions of containers

The dimensions of the septic tank are selected based on the time that the owners of the house or summer house plan to spend on the site. If the house has a bathroom, toilet, several sinks, as well as a washing machine and dishwasher, it is recommended to install a tank with a volume of at least 10 cubic meters. This will allow the content to be pumped out once every 2 to 3 years.

For country houses, where the owners are only in summer, 1 - 2 cubic meters is enough. If you equip the storm sewer separately from the main one, the water can be used to irrigate the site. In fiberglass, drains do not dry out if used irregularly, therefore, it will be easy to clean. It is enough to pour a biological preparation based on bacteria into the container once a year so that they clear the drains.

Approximately 150 liters of water per person are consumed per day. With permanent residence, a 3000 liter tank will be filled in 20 days, if a system for additional purification and release of liquid into the ground is not provided.

Tank selection recommendations

Metal structures are used mainly in industrial plants, as their size and weight are difficult to install.

Concrete septic tanks are installed in suburban areas, where sewage is used depending on the season - mainly in spring and summer. They do not require large purchase costs, but over time, leakage can occur due to the destruction of concrete. If the soil in the area is unstable, it is able to move the rings, which will lead to leakage of sewers and contamination of groundwater. Concrete is chosen if it is necessary to keep within a small budget.

The most popular material is plastic, especially with a quartz filler - fiberglass. The industry produces containers of various shapes and sizes, which are installed both underground and on the surface.

The type of soil on the site should be taken into account. If sands prevail, then they equip filtration fields. In this case, the tank can be smaller.If the soil is clay, it is worth thinking about installing a biological treatment station so that wastewater does not fall into the ground. If the groundwater comes close to the surface of the earth, it is possible for runoff to enter the drinking water.

Tank installation and assembly

Before starting work, it is necessary to calculate the volume with a margin in case additional plumbing equipment or household appliances are installed in the house. The place is chosen so that it is convenient to drive up and service the septic tank - sooner or later you will have to pump it out. In this case, the container should be at the lowest point of the site, so that it is convenient to observe the required slope of the pipes for gravity sewage.

It is better if the pipes leading to the well are laid in a straight line. This will reduce the risk of blockages and the need to clean in an awkward location.

It is not advisable to place the septic tank too close to the house. A leaky lid will allow odors to pass through. This problem can be solved by regularly adding biological agents to the well to eliminate odors, but they do not act immediately, within 2 - 3 days.

Installation steps:

1. Dig a hole. There should be a margin of 50 cm on the side for filling the sand after installing the container.
2. Lay out the bottom with sand or concrete so that the equipment does not move during operation and does not deform the pipes - this leads to sewage failure and forced repairs.
3. Install the canister using a building level.
4. Connect the sewer inlet pipe.
5. Sprinkle sand on all sides of the container.
6. Leaving the service hole on the surface, fill the canister with soil and compact.

If the well is large, you will have to order a crane so as not to damage the material and carefully place the canister in the hole.

The price of a barrel for sewerage for a private house depends on the material of manufacture. The most expensive are steel structures and fiberglass containers. The volume of the canister also plays a role. If a well is made using a seamless technology, its cost will be higher than that of a product connected from several parts.