To pump out the contaminated liquid, two types of pumps are used - drainage and fecal. The difference between these units is that drainage units are capable of pumping clarified water with small inclusions of sand, silt, debris, and fecal pumping equipment is designed for a viscous thick liquid that must be crushed and delivered to a storage tank. A sewage pump with a cesspool grinder is a necessary element of an autonomous sewage system, without which stable operation of the system is not possible.
Purpose of fecal pumps with a grinder
The need for a fecal pump arises when the owner is faced with the problem of cleaning the cesspool, because large garbage, food, human waste gets into it. There is a way out - shake the mixture in a septic tank, pump it out, then fill it with water again and pump it out again. But this is too time-consuming process, and also unpleasant. The sediment at the bottom of the septic tank tends to be compressed. Only a shredder on faecal equipment is able to cope with solid contents.
If sludge collects at the bottom of the storm sump, the drain pump may jam, since this is a very thick liquid, it must be crushed in any case during pumping. There is no grinding function in the drainage units.
Principle of operation
A fecal pump with a toilet grinder works according to the following scheme:
- The liquid is sucked into the working chamber.
- The cutting mechanism is located at the inlet, that is, the waste enters the pipe already crushed to small particles.
- The flow picks up speed and, under pressure, enters the pipes, through which it is discharged outside.
When buying a unit, you need to pay attention to the marking. The presence of certain letters determines what kind of waste and what size the device is capable of passing through:
- if the abbreviation contains only numbers, the equipment can pump and grind waste up to 5 mm in diameter;
- if the letter "f" is present, the device crushes and pumps long fractions - rags, debris - up to 35 mm in diameter;
- if there is a letter "n", the unit is capable of operating in an aggressive liquid for a long time, all its parts are made of appropriate materials.
Similar designs are installed on sewage trucks, which are called for the release of autonomous septic tanks.
Device device
A distinctive feature of fecal pumps are wide sleeves capable of passing garbage up to 5–7 cm in diameter.
The design inside is somewhat more complex than that of conventional pumping equipment. Its constituent parts:
- rotor;
- stator;
- body;
- working shaft;
- suction inlet depending on the model;
- Working wheel;
- oil chamber for cooling the unit, if it is not submersible;
- small storage tank;
- in some models, a float to control the liquid level, which, if necessary, turns off the device.
There are various modifications that are used in the home sewage system. If you connect a fecal pump, which will forcibly transport wastewater to a septic tank, there is no need to take into account the slope of the pipes when laying them. The unit is capable of moving masses both vertically and horizontally.
The equipment operates from the mains, so it is desirable that there are no voltage drops. For this, stabilizers are installed, which contributes to a long service life without the need for repair.
Types of fecal pumps
There is no definite classification of fecal pumps, since in each specific situation it is necessary to select units based on the following parameters:
- performance;
- working hours;
- temperature regime, since some models are capable of operating at high temperatures, while others are not adapted for this;
- design features - with or without a chopper.
By design, fecal pumps are:
- submersible;
- semi-submersible;
- superficial.
Submersible models are designed for constant stay in an aggressive environment, therefore, the most durable materials are used for their production - stainless steel, cast iron, shockproof plastic. A submersible fecal pump with a grinder for giving makes less noise, as it is in a layer of liquid. May have a chopper, but there are models without it.
In semi-submersible structures, the working unit is located in the upper layer of the drains. It resembles a float, the bottom of which sucks in liquid and thus lifts it to the surface. Materials for the manufacture of aluminum or plastic. Models are less durable and susceptible to mechanical damage. They make noise during operation.
Surface devices do not come into contact with waste - they come to the surface through a hose or pipe. In terms of power, the pumps are much weaker than the two previous models and can pump out waste no deeper than 15 m. They are purchased in those cases when it is necessary to change the location of the device. For example, to periodically empty a cesspool, clean a home pond or pump out water from a basement after spring floods. For a stationary installation, it is necessary to prepare a separate room with thermal insulation so that the device does not freeze in winter. Also, the device makes a lot of noise, so the room is also soundproofed. Surface pumps are not equipped with a grinder, therefore they are not suitable for pumping wastewater with large particles, rags and debris.
Criterias of choice
- Power. If the septic tank is located deep, surface models will not cope with the rise to such a height.
- The presence of knives. Equipment without a chopping function is not suitable for drains from a home or outdoor toilet.
- Mode of operation at high temperatures. Such units are mainly bought for industrial enterprises. At home, high temperatures are not expected.
- Marking. Based on the size of the large particles that will have to be crushed and pumped, the device must indicate that it is designed for this job.
The type of structure is taken into account when it is planned to use the model only stationary or for movement. Submersible fecal pumps with a grinder are considered the most powerful and durable equipment, but they are always used stationary. Disassembling and moving such a device is quite problematic.
The duration of operation is determined by the amount of time that the device will pump the wastewater. This parameter is important if you plan to empty waste pits on a daily basis. Continuous work is carried out on domestic livestock farms, where a certain amount of waste is collected every day and must be disposed of.
Carrying out the necessary calculations
All devices are designed for a 220 V power grid, but at the same time it is necessary to calculate what will be required to make grounding for your own safety, as well as to connect a stabilizer, which will also require financial costs.
The first parameter that is taken into account when selecting equipment is the depth of the septic tank. For a summer cottage, 500 W is enough, which will allow pumping about 150 l / minute. For a private house, you will have to buy a more powerful model. If the depth is 5 to 8 meters, a 1100 W pump will do. The volume of wastewater is 650 liters such a device pumps over in a minute.
The height of the water column for viscous liquids is different from water pumps, where 1 meter vertically corresponds to 10 meters horizontally. Here the ratio is ¼ meters, that is, 1 meter vertically equals 4 meters horizontally.
It is not recommended to save money and buy submersible plastic models. Steel is more reliable and will last longer.
Installation features
- A concrete platform is made at the bottom, on which the body of the product is fixed. It is problematic to get such a structure, since you will have to call plumbing divers if repairs are needed.
- It is much more practical to install the pump so that you can get it yourself if necessary. Usually, a strong nylon cord or chain is attached to lift the pump from depth. The disadvantage of this method is that corrugated pipes are used, which often have to be changed due to pollution. Cleaning them is extremely unpleasant.
Sometimes it is necessary to pump out waste from a common septic tank, but it is located in a place where a sewage truck cannot drive up, so they equip an intermediate pit into which waste is pumped with a pump and then order a car with a regular hose. It's cheaper than looking for a long-hose flusher, which costs half the cost of a mid-range faecal pump.
Operation and maintenance
In order to repair equipment less often, it must be selected correctly and not used in situations for which it was not intended. You cannot put a fecal pump without a chopper in a cesspool with a particle diameter of more than 35 mm. The pump will fail and will burn out.
In the presence of voltage surges, any units fail faster, therefore it is better to organize the supply of electricity so that the voltage is constant.
It is better to call professionals to repair pumps, as they can correctly determine the cause of the breakdown and give recommendations for further operation.
Advantages and Disadvantages of Fecal Crusher Pumps
The advantages of the models are determined by its design and working conditions. Submersible models are capable of lifting liquid from a great depth, in the presence of a controlling float, they work in automatic mode, additional cooling is not required, since the device is in the drainage layer and does not overheat, does not make noise. There are practically no drawbacks if expensive equipment is purchased from durable materials.
Advantages of semi-submersible models:
- low cost;
- repairs are cheaper;
- no need for waterproofing.
Disadvantages - shallow depth, inability to pump large particles, since there is no way to install a grinder.
The disadvantage of surface fecal pumps is cavitation: if the depth is greater than that indicated in the instructions, air enters the liquid and the motor stops or burns out, therefore they are used only for shallow septic tanks. Also, surface equipment is bulky and noisy. The advantage is mobility, the ability to use it for all business needs.
Rating and prices
Prices for fecal pumps for pumping out sewage in a private house depend on the power and height of the liquid rise, as well as on the material from which the device is made. Semi-submersible and surface units are cheaper. The most expensive are imported submersible structures.
The most expensive stainless steel and cast iron appliances.Shockproof plastic is cheaper. The scope of application can be different - the more versatile the equipment, the more expensive it is. If, for example, the house has a hot water bath, you will have to buy an expensive fecal pump with a hot water grinder. Such a device can work with liquids, the temperature of which reaches 90 degrees.
The most popular models are pumps from German, Italian manufacturers - Pedrollo, Calpeda, Grundfos. The equipment has been working without repair for about 10 years, there are service centers throughout the country where you can buy spare parts or invite a technician for service.
