How to choose a submersible pump for a well, their advantages and disadvantages

To start using submersible pumping equipment, you need to familiarize yourself with the conditions of its use, areas of application and the types of equipment itself.

Basically, such equipment is used to supply water from wells and shaft wells. You can use such equipment on an open tank or source. It is only necessary to observe the basic rule of use - complete immersion of the pumping equipment into the thickness of the pumped liquid. If this condition is not met, the equipment will fail very quickly and repair or purchase of a new device will be necessary.

The design of submersible pumps is almost the same regardless of the model. First, all submersible pumps have a completely sealed casing. Such a housing protects the electric motor from contact with an aqueous medium.

Differences of submersible pumps

The size and weight category of the body is different for all models of submersible pumping equipment. The only thing that is practically the same for such pumps is the elongated shape in the form of a cylinder and a small diameter. In addition, there are also the same design features:

• All models have a coarse filter. This device is able to protect the inside of the pump from the ingress of sand and small stones.
• All pumps have a check valve. It will prevent the liquid from moving in the opposite direction. This element can be installed additionally.
• The presence of an outlet pipe, power cable leads, special clamps for securing the cable.

Advantages and disadvantages of downhole equipment

All submersible pumps must be in the water. None of their details can be on the surface. Such pumps are fixed on a special cable, at some distance from the bottom of the source.

Advantages of submersible pumps

• Almost silent operation and minimal vibration.
• The equipment cannot freeze.
• No additional cooling system is required because the equipment, while in the water, cannot overheat. This eliminates the possibility of a quick pump breakdown.
• High performance. Due to this, such pumps can be used for servicing deep wells. The maximum depth of use is over 100 meters.
• The body is made of steel alloy and is designed for a long life.

Disadvantages of submersible pumps

• Difficulty installing equipment. This is determined by the depth of the well and the design of the pumps.
• For repair work or maintenance, pumping equipment must be removed from the well shaft.
• For the operation of the equipment, it is necessary to install a special cable with enhanced protection against moisture.

Types of submersible equipment

Many companies that produce pumping equipment for servicing wells or wells offer the user a fairly large selection of models and varieties of hydraulic machines.

Vibrating equipment

The main structural element is an electric core coil. A special armature creates vibration due to the change in the magnetic field. These pumps do not have an electric motor for rotating parts in the structure.This increases the reliability and contributes to the long-term operation of this type of pumping equipment. Among the disadvantages is a rather low productivity and the inability to create a large head of the pumped liquid. Also, such pumps cannot be used in muddy and polluted water. The biggest advantage is the low weight and low price. Such equipment often silts the bottom of the source and can destroy the walls of the well.

Centrifugal equipment

The main part is a wheel with blades attached to it. They move the liquid that the pump is pumping. At the same time, the pumping speed is high enough, which contributes to the formation of a good head of the liquid supplied to the surface. The user can independently improve such equipment by increasing the number of wheels.

Of the advantages, it can be noted:

• Virtually silent operation.
• High performance.
• The ability to use at a fairly large depth.
• Creation of a high fluid pressure.

Disadvantages:

• High price.
• Requires complex assembly work during installation.

Screw pumping equipment

Such equipment is rarely used and is not popular. They are suitable for pumping viscous and highly contaminated liquids. They can be used at great depths. Among the disadvantages is the frequent replacement of parts that wear out or break due to friction.

Vortex pumping equipment

The principle of operation of such equipment is similar to centrifugal pumps. Only vortex pumps are much more powerful than them. Of the advantages, it is possible to note a simple design and the ability to pump liquid, in which there is any gas. These devices cannot be used to pump liquids with sand, small stones or silt.