For the arrangement of the sewerage system in the house, in particular for risers, drain pipes and drainage to a sewage treatment plant, sleeves with a diameter of 100 mm from various materials are used. The correct choice of line sections is important for the correct functioning of the entire sewer system.
Scope and design indicators
A pipe with a cross section of 100 mm is universal. It is used for arranging both internal and external sewerage systems. In the first case, it is used for risers and connecting toilets.
An external sewer line is a system of pipes, fittings and other elements located outside the building and necessary to connect the pipeline to a sewage collection tank. The use of pipe sections with a cross section of 100 mm is possible if the treatment plant does not differ in gigantic dimensions and productivity, and no more than three permanent residents live in the house. Otherwise, a larger external line will be required.
Structures for internal systems are painted gray or white. They have smooth walls and less strength than their external counterparts. The latter most often have a reddish tint; when made from polymers, they are corrugated.
Sewerage pipes are supplied in lengths from half a meter to 12 m. Data on the cross-section and wall thickness are indicated by the manufacturers on the outside of the products. The greater the length and thickness, the greater the weight of the product.
Manufacturing materials
Various polymers are most often used for the production of pipes: polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, polyethylene. However, pipelines of this section are also made of other materials.
Advantages and disadvantages of polymer lines
Pipe sections from polyvinyl chloride most popular. PVC products are used for the installation of new pipelines and the repair of existing ones. They are distinguished by the following quality indicators:
- resistance to mineral oils, acids and alkalis;
- density from 1.35 to 1.43 g / cm3;
- dielectric qualities;
- budget cost.
A PVC sewer pipe with a diameter of 100 mm costs from 88 rubles per running meter.
Of the minuses, they note a low resistance to physical stress, as well as deformation of the structure at a temperature of 65 degrees. This creates certain restrictions for the movement of high temperature wastewater. For an external sewer line, such products are not used, since no strong physical exertion should act on the pipeline. Fitting elements must be applied to rotate the pipe. If you try to bend a pipe section yourself without using special parts, this may damage it.
Polypropylene is considered a universal polymer, it has the following advantages:
- resistance to the action of abrasive particles;
- resistance to temperatures up to 140 degrees Celsius;
- immunity to concentrated acidic environments.
The density of the material is 0.91 g / cm3, due to which polypropylene pipes are the lightest among all polymer analogs. Corrugated pipes for the external line are usually made of this material.
The price of such highways is higher than polyvinyl chloride - from 125 rubles.
Another option for plastic pipes is polyethylene... They are used for the installation of both external and internal pipelines. Price per meter of plastic pipes for sewage based on polyethylene with a diameter of 100 mm - from 320 rubles. The advantages of pipelines are resistance to blockages due to a slippery inner surface, resistance to temperatures below zero and aggressive environments. However, they cannot stand hot liquid warmer than 80 degrees.
It is possible to level the deficiency using XLPE pipes. They are characterized by increased resistance to high temperatures, which makes them suitable for transporting hot waste water.
Features of pipelines from other materials
Sewer lines are made of cast iron and steel (galvanized or stainless).
The main advantages of steel structures:
- high strength;
- resistance to temperature extremes;
- resistance to any aggressive reagents.
Of the shortcomings, the severity and susceptibility to corrosion are noted. Stainless steel is an expensive material (from 350 rubles per kg), so the use of pipes in country houses and apartments is not advisable. Usually they are used in food, perfumery, or, for example, in the oil industry.
Cast iron pipes are even heavier in weight than steel, but they have increased anti-corrosion properties. Most often they are used when installing risers in high-rise buildings, as well as for draining wastewater into the city-wide system. They are extremely durable and can last a century, are inexpensive (from 15 rubles per kg), but the roughness of the inner part of the pipe sections makes it difficult to send wastewater. For a tight connection of pipes, it is necessary to use additional materials.
Less commonly used are ceramic, concrete and asbestos-cement pipes. They are carried out only outside the building. Ceramic lines are used to transport household, industrial and rainwater. They are resistant to chemicals and corrosion, fireproof, strong and durable. The cost of such products starts at 790 rubles per running meter.
Difficulties in installation, fragility, high price and a number of other shortcomings have caused ceramics to be replaced by other materials, more modern and practical.
Reinforced concrete pipes are used in hydraulic engineering, civil and industrial construction to move non-aggressive wastewater by gravity. For their manufacture, heavy concrete mortars of the following brands are used: W6, F200, B25, M350.
The main advantages of reinforced concrete products:
- compressive and tensile strength;
- waterproofness;
- resistance to low temperatures;
- chemical resistance;
- insensitive to decay and rust.
They are also extremely heavy and require special equipment. Reinforced concrete pipes are installed to a depth of 2 to 6 meters. The price starts from 3,500 rubles for a piece of 2.5 m.
Sewer pipelines from asbestos cement are produced only at domestic factories. They are considered the cheapest among all types (from 300 rubles for a product with a length of 3.95 m). The material is tensile strength, for this reason it can be used to create systems under pressure. It is immune to rust, and under the influence of water it compresses and gains strength. In most Western countries, asbestos cement is prohibited, it is believed that it is capable of releasing toxic substances.
Each product has its own period of operation. For example, plastic pipe sections are designed for half a century of work. Corrugated plastic pipes have higher wear-resistant performance.
Installation rules
When installing pipes with a cross section of 100 mm, it is necessary to take into account the following points:
- To prevent stagnation and stagnation of the waste fluid, it is necessary to observe the slope of the pipes.
- It is not recommended to make pipe bends at right angles. If necessary, a pivot joint is created from two 45-degree corner pieces.
- An inspection hatch is installed near each branch to check the system and clear blockages.
- To absorb noise and vibration, pipes are packed in foam cases or sound-absorbing boxes.
- Fix the pipeline with clamps. Each mount should be located one meter from the adjacent one.
Sections of pipelines are connected using a socket or glue method. In the first case, the installation is carried out by inserting one pipe into the second socket element. Another method involves the use of a special adhesive and a shaped part. While the glue dries, the knot should be stationary.
When installing structures, you should carefully check how tight the connections are. Choose reliable fittings and fasteners. If the pipe elements are not joined correctly, there is a risk of leaks in the system.
