The principle of operation of different types of precision air conditioners is similar, but there are some differences. They all differ in the way the condenser is cooled.
Precision Air Cooled Condenser Air Conditioners
The circuit of a precision air conditioner is no different from the circuit of any room split system. When the power is turned on, a fan starts, which drives air out of the server room. It retracts into the housing from below or from above. It can be blown out of the air ducts in the ceiling or in the floor.
A precision air conditioner temperature sensor detects the room temperature and sends the readings to the electronic controller a signal to cool it down.
The controller turns on the compressor. Here the refrigerant is compressed and fed to the condenser, where the freon is cooled by fans, condenses and turns into a liquid state.
On the thermostatic valve of the precision air conditioner for the server room, the freon pressure is reduced to 4 atmospheres. It boils and turns into a gaseous phase with a temperature of 4 degrees Celsius. Now freon "radiates" cold. It is fed to the evaporator of the indoor module, meets the air from the room, transfers the cold to it. The cooled air is blown out into the server room.
Such a precision air conditioning system has a drawback - the freon path cannot be longer than 30 meters. Otherwise, use a water-cooled air conditioner.
Drycooler as a method of cooling the air conditioning system
The principle of operation of a precision air conditioner equipped with a dry cooler is very similar to that described above. The only difference is in the cooling of the heat exchanger. It takes place with the use of water. The indoor module has a heat exchanger, a dry cooler is connected to it - an external unit with a pump. The heated coolant transfers heat to the water, which is transferred to the atmospheric air by means of the dry cooler fan. In winter, the dry cooler is filled with glycol instead of water.
Air conditioners precision with double cooling
The scheme of a precision air conditioner implies two types of cooling at once: in the indoor module, the condenser is cooled with water, the heat exchanger - with a dry cooler. The main advantage of this method is the reduction in electricity costs.
Water cooled precision air conditioners
It seems like a simple scheme of a precision air conditioner for server rooms: the indoor module has its own cooling circuit filled with glycol. It is cooled in chillers. However, an easy-to-operate system is quite expensive and complex to implement.
