The durability of the building depends on the exterior wall decoration. Before painting the bath outside from a bar, you need to remember that the layer must protect the surface from destruction under the influence of the atmosphere. They use a multi-layer coating to increase resistance to moisture, chemical reagents in the air, to prevent rapid fire. The external design is chosen taking into account the surrounding landscape.
Types of coatings
Each layer on the outer wall surface has an individual purpose. Antiseptics alternate with fire retardants, apply impregnations that protect the wood from water absorption.
Modern developments allow the production of formulations of combined action. For example, paint is combined with an antiseptic, a biological stimulant for the reproduction of microorganisms.
Antiseptic
It is used to prevent the development of mold, fungus, putrefactive microorganisms, and various insects on the surface and inside of wood. Not only wood buildings are processed, concrete also requires impregnation, since mushrooms actively live on it.
For wood, antiseptics are often used in the form of primers or azure. There are products diluted with water or linseed oil, oil, organic substances. Antiseptics actively fight insects, so the bugs after processing do not spoil the walls.
Fire retardants
The drugs are applied from the outside, because inside they are harmful to health with chemical secretions. Urea or boron salt is used more often. In the steam room, the high temperature leads to the volatility of the components and entry into the lungs.
One type of flame retardant can keep the temperature up to a certain value, the second prevents combustion by blocking the flow of oxygen to the fibers.
Lucky
Facade varnishes are developed separately for wood, concrete, brick, rubble, plaster.
Oil formulations are made on the basis of resins and oils. The first substances accelerate drying, but reduce strength. Yacht varnishes are made on the basis of alkyd resin and organic matter, a durable layer is obtained. Polyurethane varnish is a two-component compound with a hardener and a base. Alkyd varnish is dissolved with a solvent, white spirit. Aqueous ones are made on the basis of a liquid polymer dissolved in an aqueous dispersion.
To paint the bath outside, you need to choose elastic compounds, since wood changes geometry when moistened, dried and temperature differences. Do not use varnishes for interior work, it is better to use front options.
The outer layer must allow steam to pass through but retain water. It is important that the coating is UV resistant. The varnish must prevent the destruction of the dye molecules.
Stone, brick, concrete are coated with similar preparations, since brick and concrete belong to the group of artificial stones. The stones also have similar characteristics in terms of strength and moisture resistance.
Polyurethane and polymer varnishes are used. Polymers are needed where it is required to reduce water absorption, to make the plane impermeable. Polyurethane increases the service life of the area, increases the resistance of the dye to sunlight.
Paint
Outside bath paint is opaque compared to varnishes.
The quality is chosen depending on the chemical composition and concentration of the binder.
In cheap materials, part of the binder is changed by fillers.
The paints are characterized by UV protection and vapor permeability. The covering ability matters, on which the material consumption depends.
Modern materials for exterior painting of a log house
External protection of the log house can be in the form of impregnation or film. The effect of these coatings is different from each other, therefore they are chosen separately for each structure.
Impregnating compounds
The preparations penetrate into the wood by 4 - 5 mm. For the outer coating, antiseptic impregnations are used, agents are taken to prevent the spread of flame, decorative and antiseptic combinations are used. The last variety does not require tinting. Water-based products are washed away by rain after 2 to 3 years.
Film formulations
The products contain film-forming components that make the plane impermeable to water after drying, but allow moisture and condensate accumulated under them to pass outside.
Acrylic paints do not clog the space between the fibers and allow the wood to breathe. Silicone films protect against external moisture and are self-cleaning.
Requirements for paints
After drying, the compositions have a different texture and color. Previously, the outer walls of a chopped bathhouse were covered with oil paint, but under such a layer the tree does not breathe, since the film does not allow steam to pass through.
The layer of paint should allow steam to escape so that mold and microorganisms do not develop under it. The surface should not fade, fade over time.
Vapor permeability
This is one of the important parameters when choosing a paint. The walls of the bath conduct steam, which comes out from the inside, but it does not enter the air if the paint film does not release it. As a result, the wall begins to rot, which gradually takes over more and more large areas.
The indicator that is paid attention to indicates the amount of moisture that a square of the film can pass per day.
The foundation
The basis is acrylic, mineral particles, pigments, synthetic and natural latex are added to them. The solvent is organic, water, emulsion, oil. High-quality paints with a vapor-permeable effect are obtained on the basis of plyoletyl resins. The enamels form a vapor-impermeable film.
Water resistance
The painted side must not absorb water from the outside, and the ability of the surface to accumulate dirt is not encouraged. For characterization, the moisture absorption coefficient of the paint is used.
If the blockhouse is still damp after laying, it is covered with a temporary antiseptic that does not form a film. It is tinted to protect it from UV rays, shrinkage is expected, then a permanent moisture-protective agent is applied.
Protection of decorative qualities
Paint and varnish are characterized by their abrasion rate. The higher it is, the longer the layer will last in its original form. The smoothness of the surface is important so that the dirt is easily washed off by rain from the plane. Decorative properties can change due to the action of the wind, temperature changes, which must be taken into account when choosing.
UV resistant
The pigments in the composition change brightness under the influence of the sun, therefore preservative components are added to the paints. The rays dry out the walls, kill microorganisms, but burn out the color of the paint. Ultraviolet light leads to overdrying of the top layer of untreated wood, destroying it. The most resistant are polysilicon, acrylic, silicone materials.
Wall material for painting
Any paint will last longer if the surface is properly prepared.Brick, concrete, cleaned of old layers, repair cracks, pits, primed to enhance the adhesion of the composition to the surface.
Wooden walls are cleaned of debris, dust, polished with emery, well cleaned with a brush and also treated with a primer.
- For bricks, use a universal polyurethane varnish with suitable characteristics. It is diluted with organic thinners that work well in open space. Acrylic materials with the addition of silicone are taken from paints, as well as latex compounds. The latter type has a high cost, but it all depends on the wishes of the owner.
- The bar is initially treated with an antiseptic; you can take a separate agent or a combined one. It is expensive to repair a structure from a bar, so it is better to immediately cover it with an antiseptic and an agent that increases its resistance to combustion. Apply paint on top.
- To paint the frame of the bath outside, use the materials with which the timber walls are processed. The chopped wall has log ends that need to be impregnated with appropriate means. The ultimate goal is sealing. To do this, take lime with linseed oil, mix wax and paraffin, melt bitumen, combine wood resin and chalk.
- Stones made of aerated concrete, foam concrete, cinder concrete have many pores on the surface, therefore they require plastering. To process such an area, they take paints that are used for concrete and brick walls. They use oil and pentaphthalic paints that resist rain and temperature changes in winter.
- Frame structures are erected on a wooden frame, inside of which insulation is installed, and outside they are hammered with boards made of boards. The result is a wooden surface that needs to be protected with breathable films, while protecting against water and snow. If you sheathe the wall with clapboard, you need to use acrylic, latex and silicone compounds.
Sometimes the outer walls of a log house are left uncoated, considering that it is not necessary to spoil the environmentally friendly material by applying films and impregnations. Such a blockhouse easily absorbs and conducts moisture, quickly gives it back. Buildings last 5 to 7 years less than painted vertical surfaces. In them, the walls quickly become fire hazardous due to increased dryness.
