The structure of the entrance becomes the first architectural element of the design complex of a residential building. Entrance gates for a private house are made in combination with the design of the courtyard landscape, while they must be functional and reliable. They select the usual standard models or order an individual project of the entrance group.
Types of entrance gates for suburban areas
The model is chosen taking into account the type of structure, dimensions, while paying attention to the mass of the shutters and the material of the support pillars. The use of automation is important, which will raise the price, but add comfort in service.
By the way of opening the gate are:
- with manual movement of the canvas;
- with automatic drive.
Manual opening is appropriate if the door leaves are lightweight and easy to move. Otherwise, you will need to connect electricity and invite a specialist. There are modern options with a solar-powered engine. The sash material is irrelevant for the installation of the automation. The disadvantage of the electric drive is its high cost.
Automation of modern gates and gates for a private house is linear, lever type, in such systems the mechanisms are hidden in the stock. Open pair sets are produced, where there is no stem-nut. The linear group also includes hydraulic drives powered by a liquid pump.
Elbow-type electric drives are produced when the parts of the mechanism are folded. There are underground devices that are not visible on the road surface. Household door operators operate from 230 volts, the system is constantly maintained at 24 volts.
Classification by opening method
Swing structures are used most often, since they are the cheapest in execution. The canvases open outward or into the courtyard, sometimes pendulum hinges are placed to open in two directions. For them, they put linear (worm) and elbow types, working from the stem. Swing gates will require two mechanical or hydraulic drives for each leaf.
Sliding gates are called sliding gates if the structure uses two leaves that move in different directions. More often used in industry, but also placed at the entrance to cottages, mansions. An underground opening mechanism can be used for them.
There are types of sliding gates:
- suspended;
- console;
- on the rail.
Rail varieties move due to rollers at the bottom of the canvas. The wheels run along a guide profile embedded in the base of the gate. The second type is cantilever, when the rollers move along a beam mounted on a nearby fence. The suspended type assumes the presence of a girder, which is mounted above the entrance opening, the wheels of the canvas move along it.
Advantages and disadvantages
The advantages of the swing system include ease of installation, reliability and low cost. To open the swing doors, space is required in front of or behind the driveway. When opening from the outside, the sidewalk is taken into account so as not to interfere with pedestrians. Internal opening requires taking into account the space for the entered car so that it is possible to close the canvases when the car is standing.
Suspended options for gates to the house are durable, withstand wind load. The disadvantage is that such opening methods limit the passage height. But in the private sector this is not so important, since the dimensions are adjusted for a certain type of car.
Opening on the rail requires regular cleaning of the profile from snow, foliage, but such systems do not need a place to open, since the sash moves along the fence. The most effective are cantilever varieties that do not require a foundation to install a guide profile at the bottom of the opening. The console is located outside the vehicle passage and does not limit the height.
Materials for making
Solid metal for a gate to a private house with a wicket is chosen for its durability, rigidity, strength and safety. Fixed sashes are decorated with decorative elements. Profiled sheeting, another metal profile, stylized as wood, stone are inserted into the iron frame.
Unusual samples of street gates can be made from wood. The material is lightweight, environmentally friendly. The disadvantage is the high risk of fire, susceptibility to decay, destruction by bugs. Requires processing with special preparations before installation.
The design of the wrought-iron doors has an interesting look, it uses the ideas of various geometric and floral designs. The disadvantage is the high cost, since forging belongs to the manual category of work.
Beautiful gates to the courtyard are obtained by combining wood, metal, profiled sheet with forging. Combined options are cheaper, but their appearance only benefits. Steel looks good together with sectional or solid polycarbonate.
Gate with a wicket
A wicket in the gate leaf is made to combine the passage and passage of vehicles in one opening, to reduce the size of the entrance group. With such a simple option, material is saved for separate posts for the wicket and for sewing the curtain. Additionally, a square tube is purchased for the manufacture of a frame and a diagonal.
There are two options for gates:
- The picket-style design includes two horizontal slats and a diagonal brace for strength. Such an amplifier is directed upwards to the false part of the wicket from the hinge side.
- A more complex model is represented by a rectangular frame made of wood or iron. The canvas is made from slats, small timber, sewn up with profile metal. The braces are placed from the center to the corners or they connect the two sides of the corner.
The wicket in the gate always has an upper crossbar and a threshold, so the movement of a tall person is associated with inconvenience. The width of the passage is limited, there is no possibility of unhindered transportation of a wagon with a load.
Standard gate sizes for a private house
For the passage of a passenger car, a width of 2.4 m is enough, but a special vehicle, a truck, a fire fighting vehicle, the dimensions of which exceed 2.5 m, can enter a private courtyard. It is necessary to design the width of the gate, starting from three meters.
The gate to a private property is not always in a straight line, if you need to turn at the entrance. The width in this case depends on the turning radius. Sometimes the distance between the outer edges of the road and the gate is equal to or greater than the turning radius. Then the car has a margin on both sides, entering perpendicularly.
Otherwise, such a gap is less than the turning radius, then the car enters at an angle. There is a risk of rear skidding and collision with the curb. In this case, the width is taken at the level of 3.5 - 5.0 m. If this does not save the situation, the gate is deepened into the territory of the yard by 1 - 1.5 meters.
The main stages of construction
Preparation for work includes determining a place in the fence, developing a sketch or drawing, marking the position on the ground.
The main assembly consists of the following processes:
- installation of pillars;
- welding of the frame of gates and wickets;
- filling of canvases, installation of a wicket structure;
- hinging of shutters on racks, installation of automation, lock, constipation.
The pillars are dug in at 0.9 - 1.2 m, and the bottom is filled with crushed stone. The gate frame is boiled on the ground, choosing an even place. The racks are checked with a plumb line, and right angles are controlled in the canvases. At this stage, electricity is supplied for the drive. The sewing is fixed with self-tapping screws, a wicket frame with a canvas is placed in the canvases.
The lower part of the canopy is boiled to the racks, the top is attached to the frame, the location of both parts on the same axis is checked. They hang the gate leaves on hinges or put them on rollers, check the quality of work, open the wicket. After that, bolts are welded on, locks are put.
Installation tips
Gate posts can be hammered in to simplify installation and reduce installation time. A hole for a metal post is made with a garden drill at half the design depth (0.5 - 0.6 m). A support is installed at the bottom and hammered with a shock headstock (steel pipe with a heel and handles) or a heavy sledgehammer. This method is suitable for light gates; for heavy gates, standard concreting is used.
Details for the gate are prepared in advance, they are made exactly to size, paired elements are cut the same. The metal for the diagonals is cut in place, so it should be on hand. For this, trimming of a profile pipe, corner, channel is suitable.
Finished sashes can be sewn up only from the street side, or you can also apply sewing from the yard. The material is placed without gaps, sometimes a small overlap is required, for example, for polycarbonate. The locks can be welded to the frame, the canvas; in another version, bolts with nuts and washers are used, self-tapping screws for metal.
Gate decor and style
Original gates for a house can be made using two-color painting, combining the materials of the sashes and sewing.
Styles for decorating the entrance ensemble:
- classical;
- Gothic;
- baroque;
- modern;
- high tech;
- rustic country.
For the first direction, forging is often used in combination with polycarbonate, a smooth sheet metal. Sometimes forged ligature is made on the entire canvas, while the product turns out to be openwork and shows the inner space of the courtyard.
Gothic implies rigor and massiveness, while all the forms used rush upward. Metal spikes around the perimeter and a dark color are recommended. The baroque looks festive, the collar group is distinguished by elegance, volumetric figures, patterns, curls are used in the style.
Art Nouveau presupposes the absence of symmetrical parts and lines, free patterns are composed of smooth lines, sometimes the two leaves of the gate differ in size and shape. Hi-tech is difficult to confuse with other styles, because it uses a lot of chrome details, rationality, lack of pretentiousness, patterns.
Country music is decorated in different ways, but wood is the best material for this. Sometimes it is diluted with a small number of metal parts to give elegance to a simple canvas.
