If you decide to insulate the walls, it is best to do it from the outside. Insulation can be hidden behind siding.
Types of external insulation
- A budget option. It is produced with ordinary roll insulation, which can be found in any store. Its thickness is 5-20 mm. The insulation must be expanded and attached to the wall, and then the crate is installed for attaching the siding. Such insulation can be glued directly to the wall. Of course, this type of insulation cannot be called high-quality, but it is better than its absence. You can also protect your house from the wind with a roll of insulation.
- Interframe insulation. In this case, the insulation is made of expanded polystyrene or polyurethane plates, which are attached to the grid cells. The lathing is created from wooden beams, the thickness of which is 3-6 cm thicker than the insulation. The size of the insulation boards is chosen depending on how severe the winters are in a particular region. Plates are fixed between the beams using mastic or special glue. But experts recommend mounting with special vinyl spacers, this method is the most reliable. Together with the insulation, the wall is drilled and a special fungus is inserted into the resulting hole, and then a screw is screwed into it. Thus, the hat holds the insulation plate.
- Insulation with a cross frame. This type of insulation is the most expensive. To begin with, the insulation is installed according to the second method. The only difference is the slope of the frame. The bars of the first frame must be horizontal. Then vertical rows of beams are installed on top of them. Each layer of the frame is laid with insulation boards. It is also necessary to make additional reinforcement (as in the second option). It is necessary to fix the insulation with glue or special fungi. When using such a cross structure, the joints of the first layer of insulation do not have to be additionally connected, the penetration of cold is completely excluded. This technology is the best option for cold climates, but it requires considerable costs for the purchase of material.
- The short ones from the remaining boards are attached to the wall. Next, the insulation boards are fixed in a couple of layers. In places where the insulation intersects with the short ones, the plates must be cut. Fragments of insulation are attached to the surface of the walls using special glue or fungi. Upon completion of these works, on top of the insulation made of wooden slats, it is necessary to assemble a frame for further siding. In this embodiment, it is permissible to use steel crate instead of wooden beams.
Necessary properties of insulation
- it must be durable;
- resistant to high temperatures;
- resistant to wear and tear;
- have a stable form;
- perform well thermal insulation functions;
- steam is good.
Insulation can be replaced with mineral wool. These materials are not a suitable medium for the growth of mold and other fungi. They have heat and sound insulating qualities, promote the absorption of acoustic waves.
Insulation is produced in the form of soft plates, mats and rolls. They also produce hard and medium-hardness insulation boards, they are needed where the insulation is under load.
Vapor permeability
Mineral wool materials are characterized by high vapor permeability.The steam that the insulation passes through accumulates in it in the form of moisture, because of this, thermal resistance is lost. In order to avoid this, it is necessary to lay a layer of glassine or polyethylene film from the sunny side. You can also use oil paint. Ventilation should be provided in the exterior wall decoration to better remove the evaporated water.
After the completion of the wall insulation work, it is necessary to pull the windproof membrane around the frame perimeter. Such material easily passes steam into the air layer, does not allow water to enter the insulation and walls. This accelerates the drying of the insulation, prevents its destruction and shedding. The only drawback is the flammability of the material.
When insulating walls, do not forget to close up the joints near the windows. If this is not taken into account, then the insulation will be almost useless.
