Fireplace stoves with a water heating circuit for home

For heating a dwelling in a village without gas supply, a country house or a summer cottage, a fireplace stove with a water circuit is suitable. The unit runs on solid fuel, provides parallel heating of the room and the coolant in the pipes. The water can be used as a heat source and for domestic needs. Before installing the equipment, you need to decide on the material of manufacture and understand the connection technology.

The main types of fireplace stoves with a water circuit

The stove is selected at the design stage of the house. This will allow you to correlate the structure with other objects, hide its binding. When installing heating units after construction, consider their varieties.

Steel models

They differ in affordable cost and ease of use. The heat exchanger is made of heat-resistant metal 3-5 mm thick and has no seams. For the outer lining, fireclay, ceramics, and cast iron sheets are used. Smoke catcher, flame diffuser and firebox deflector are made of steel or cast iron. The grate is exclusively cast iron.

Due to the flexibility of the material, the structure can have any shape. Fireclay or ceramic lining increases the life of the stove.

Steel parts are subject to corrosion, therefore, the furnace must be heated in a mode with minimal condensate production.

Cast iron fireplaces

Cast-iron type fireplaces can be connected to a common radiator system and provide efficient heating of a house of any quadrature. The device includes the following elements:

• a heat exchanger equipped with a coil - used to circulate water;
• heating circuit - a coil is connected to it;
• a circuit consisting of radiators, expansion tanks, pipes with fittings and a pump;
• open or closed firebox;
• grate - needed for ventilation of air masses and removal of combustion products;
• ash pan with a pull-out tray - ash falls on it when cleaning;
• chimney with a smoke collector for fixing.

A cast iron stove does not burn oxygen in the room, has a high heat capacity and does not cool down for a long period of time. When exposed to high temperatures, the material does not crack or deform.

Combined models

Long burning fireplaces are suitable if you have a house with several rooms or a country cottage. Combined modifications are made with a steel body and cast iron parts, which are exposed to fire. Most often this is a firebox and a hob. The stainless steel body excludes cracking of cast iron during temperature extremes, and the cast iron walls do not allow steel to melt when overheated.

The design of a long-burning fireplace stove with a water circuit for heating is presented:

• a combustion chamber in which firewood is laid;
• a blower compartment with a grate and a retractable ash pan under it;
• pyrolysis gas afterburner chamber;
• a partition between the firebox and the afterburner compartment;
• chimney, where the pipe is led out;
• a door made of cast iron or heat-resistant glass.

Products are distinguished by high efficiency, compactness and durability. Aesthetic appearance and additional heat capacity are provided by ceramic cladding.

Cassette fireplaces

The cassette fireplace looks like a classic wood-burning one. For the manufacture of the firebox, frame and walls, steel or cast iron is used. Heating units can work automatically, without constant user control. The finishing of the case fulfills the function of protection and is made of ceramic tiles, natural or artificial stone.

The product is distinguished from standard modifications:

• efficiency - typical for closed models;
• versatility - due to high efficiency, they are used as the main and auxiliary heat source;
• the presence of a contact chimney with a small cross-section and a shortened pipe for quick removal of combustion products;
• cassette elements - the cassette provides fast heating, is equipped with a system of built-in air vents;
• fireproof doors made of frosted or transparent glass.

A metal distributor disc can be installed for intensive heating.

Depending on the capacity, dimensions of the equipment and the quadrature of the heated area, you can choose cassettes:

• for installation in an open firebox: they give a minimum of heat, but they are suitable if you have a small dacha of 1-2 rooms;
• for installation in a closed firebox: they differ in power, they effectively heat a large house.

The cassette oven cools down quickly, but a brick portal is organized to maximize heat savings.

Corner type water fireplaces

The corner version of heating units has the shape of a triangle or pentagon. In the first case, there is no oven, and in the second, there is a large hob for cooking.

The rear walls of the fireplace are located at right angles to each other. The structures are suitable for small rooms, they are ergonomic and compact. The lower part of the kiln is equipped with a wood dryer or a pull-out blower. There may be decorative brick cabinets near the sides. The fireplace insert has a semicircular, square, rectangular or trapezoidal shape.

Corner-type structures have several advantages:

• compactness in comparison with wall or island units;
• rationality of using a small room;
• ease of self-installation;
• the possibility of decorating with plaster, ceramic tiles, a ready-made portal.

Corner versions generate maximum heat at minimum size.

Pros and cons of water fireplace stoves

Fireplace inserts and stoves with a liquid heat exchanger have a number of advantages:

• independence from electricity and gas - firewood is used for bookmarking;
• compact size, which is suitable for any area of ​​the room;
• the ability to use for heating and cooking;
• maintaining a comfortable temperature regime in a large house;
• uniformity of distribution and supply of heat to distant rooms;
• high efficiency with minimal fuel costs;
• operation of stoves with a circuit and a tank for hot water supply;
• safety - the outer parts of the casing with lining do not heat up;
• connection to a radiator heating system.

A stove fireplace with a water system has several disadvantages:

• minimal automation of brick and metal models;
• time spent on laying the firebox and igniting the fire;
• the formation of soot, soot and smoke when using firewood from coniferous trees, cherries, willow;
• rapid cooling of steel modifications;
• not all units are suitable for burning coal.

You can heat the stove with hornbeam, aspen, birch, beech logs or special briquettes.

Features of choice, do-it-yourself installation and operation

A fireplace equipped with a system with a circuit and a boiler is suitable for hot water heating of all rooms in the house. It is connected to the system through pipes in the firebox. When buying equipment, you need to consider:

• Features of safe installation and connection to communications.
• Power. For a house with a total area of ​​100 m2, models from 7 kW are suitable; in rooms less than 80 m2, low-power equipment is acceptable. It should be borne in mind that 1 kW of power goes to heating 10 m2 of the dwelling.
• Material. Steel aggregates at an inexpensive cost are more prone to corrosion. Cast iron ones accumulate heat for a long time, but their price is more expensive.
• The presence of a long burning mode. Such devices are energy efficient and have an efficiency of 75-90%.
• Complete set. A standard water fireplace is equipped with an ash pan, pipes, chimney, hob, heat-resistant flap.
• Possibility of pouring antifreeze into the system. Glycerine solution, ethylene glycol and propylene glycol do not freeze at -30 degrees.

All technical parameters are in the manufacturer's documentation.

DIY installation

The compactness and low weight of the fireplace equipment excludes the construction of a massive foundation. It is enough to make a flooring of sheet material, lay out tiles or other fire-resistant coating. Self-installation is done as follows:

1. Removing the original packaging and checking the structure for integrity.
2. Level control of the finished coating.
3. Removal of the branch pipe on the same level with the chimney duct.
4. Assembly of gas outlet elements.
5. Installation of grate, ash pan, grate and sash.
6. Sealing the connection point of the hearth to the chimney, as well as joints and seams.

Single-circuit pipeline is insulated.

Operating rules

When using fireplaces with a hydraulic heat exchanger, a number of requirements must be adhered to:

• Cleaning smoke ducts from soot 2 times a year.
• Regular, as it accumulates, ash removal from the furnace and ash pan.
• Draining water from pipes if the system is not used in summer.
• Preliminary inspection of radiators, tank, pump, fittings and filters before starting heating.
• Cleaning the glass door with special products.
• Filling the heat exchangers with water to prevent burnout.
• Warm water supply in preheated stove mode.
• Using a circulation pump with bypass to improve system efficiency.

In winter, it is allowed to pour antifreeze into communications.

Features of connection to the heating system

A water fireplace is connected to the system when there is a coolant in the circuit, taking into account its circulation.

Natural type of circulation

Units with a water circuit are connected as follows:

1. Construction of a booster manifold behind the heat exchanger to raise the coolant to the highest point.
2. Installation of the expansion tank at the top.
3. Construction of a heating main from pipes of at least 32 mm in diameter.
4. Compliance with the slope - 5 cm by 1 m for normal circulation.

To connect the system to the radiators, use pipes 16-20 mm in diameter.

Forced circulation type

Forced circulation of water provides several nuances:

• an expansion tank is installed on any section of the line;
• batteries are connected in any way;
• it is not necessary to observe the slope of the track;
• an automatic unit can be used to prevent condensation in the firebox.

Place an expansion vessel on the return pipe behind the pump.

Review of popular fireplace stoves with a water circuit

Modern manufacturers produce water fireplaces for heating small houses and large rooms.Consumers prefer several options:

• Koza / K6, Kratki. Compact heating unit for a small house with adjustable flame intensity. The power is 8 kW, the firebox is made of cast iron.
• Bavaria Three glasses, EcoFireplace. A stove with an original design of a steel firebox glazed on three sides. The chimney is connected from above and behind. A heater with a secondary afterburning mode is capable of heating the room for about 6 hours.
• Professor Butakov, Termofor. Available with a door made of steel, cast iron with a window and a screened convection pipe system. Suitable for equipping a warehouse, hangar for 1000 squares. The efficiency is 80% due to the direction of air into the afterburner with special jets.
• Happy Red, MBS. Stylish fireplace for a 45 m2 room. Made of steel and cast iron by frame method. The firebox is framed with chamotte, the temperature difference is smoothed out with a vermiculite baffle. The efficiency is 82%.
• PC-01, Vesuvius. The model with a hob will heat the house by 150 square meters. The firebox is heated by an electric fan, heat release during prolonged combustion - 5 hours. the combustion intensity is regulated by the blower flap.
• Lava, Guca. The cast iron device with a heating area of ​​89 m2 is equipped with two regulators - in the firebox and in the ash pan. The chimney is connected at the back or side.

All fireplace stoves are safe, equipped with instructions for use.

A fireplace stove with a water heat exchanger is suitable for buildings of any size. The unit is characterized by efficiency, ease of installation and operation. When selecting it, you need to take into account the power parameters, the specifics of the design and the heated quadrature.