Despite the abundance of modern models of heaters operating on cheap types of energy, traditional wood-burning stoves are still very popular. Among them, a design called "Professor Butakov's furnace" stands out. It is allowed to be used for heating the premises of country houses, as well as greenhouses, warehouses and garages.
History of creation
The first sample of such a furnace was made in 2002 in the north of the country, in the Novosibirsk region. Just two months after that, the necessary certificates were obtained, and by 2004 a patent for an invention was issued. Its developer is E. Yu. Zubkevich, a specialist in the field of heat engineering, who named the stove in honor of his relative, Professor S.Ye. Butakov.
A year later, the inventor entered into an agreement with the Termofor company, which mastered the production and release of products. For a number of reasons, in 2008, cooperation with it was suspended and the owner of the patent remained idle. To date, the production of these furnaces has been established on an industrial scale.
Device and principle of operation
The basis for Butakov's designs is a welded body with built-in pipe channels, inside of which convection processes take place. In this case, cold air enters through the pipe system, and then heats up in the body and already hot air goes out through the upper outlet. Then it spreads throughout the heated room, bringing the temperature in it to a comfortable level. Such pipes can be located on the front and on the back of the structure body.
Firewood is used as fuel in these devices. In addition, they can be heated with special briquettes called pellets. The upper plane of the body may be used for cooking or heating liquid food and water. It itself is painted with paint based on organosilicon elements and coated with heat-resistant oils, which burn a little when heated. Therefore, the first firebox must be organized outside the premises, its duration is at least 1-2 hours. In all subsequent kindling, the burnt smell will no longer spread.
The structure is based on the principle of convection - the property of warm air to rush upward. Furnace products of the Buleryan type function similarly, the difference of which lies in the absence of a grate. This well-known design was taken as a basis by Y. Zubkevich while working on his invention.
The cast iron grate, which the new products are equipped with, reliably protects the bottom of the furnace from burning out, since it takes on the bulk of the thermal effect. When this structural element burns out, it can be easily replaced with a new one. In addition, the presence of a grate guarantees an even distribution of fire throughout the firebox, as well as the ability to adjust the air supply. With its increase, it is possible to speed up the entire process of heating the room. Through the cast-iron grate, combustion residues enter the ash compartment, from where they are subsequently removed.
The cleaning of the furnace is possible directly during operation, which allows the use of fuel with a high soot content. In addition, intensive combustion speeds up the process of its disposal. To control this procedure, the ash compartment is equipped with a valve that allows you to adjust the doses of the supply air.
Stoves of this class are used exclusively in smoldering mode and are not intended for continuous operation at temperatures above + 350 ° C.
Classic lineup
The Butakov stove is distinguished by a thoughtful design, suitable for almost any interior and setting. The product range includes the following items:
- High School Student and Student;
- Engineer and Associate Professor;
- Professor.
High school student
The model is characterized by the fact that its main purpose is cooking. In the upper part, a 49 kg hob is provided, which is not available on other models.
The chimney outlet is located in the same part of the body, taking up little space in the room. In addition to the declared advantages, this model also has disadvantages. One of them is that condensate and soot from a vertical pipe fall back into the furnace. It is very inconvenient to clean such a chimney, since before that it has to be completely dismantled.
Product characteristics:
- The declared power is 5 kW with an efficiency of 85%.
- The admissible volume of the room that can be heated is 50-100 m³.
- The dimensions of the furnace body are 400x500x500 mm with a weight of 34 kg.
- The volume of the furnace is 60 liters, and the diameter of the chimney is 115 mm.
Student
The model is considered to be one of the most common samples, optimally suited for summer cottages and well-insulated mansions. Heating stoves under this name are distinguished by a large pipe diameter and relatively thin walls, which make it possible to improve heat exchange with the outside environment.
The chimney outlet, mounted by means of a tee, is located at the rear of the body. This design allows you to clean it without removing it from the stove. To do this, it is enough to simply remove the bottom of the tee, in which the main masses of condensate and soot accumulate. In this part of the body there is a gate valve that allows you to adjust the draft, as well as a special fitting designed to remove condensate and dirt.
Model characteristics:
- Power - 9 kW with an efficiency of 85%.
- The size of the room that can be heated is 150 m³.
- With a weight of 57 kg, the dimensions of the furnace are 370x545x650 mm.
- The volume of the furnace is 74 liters, and the diameter of the branch pipes is 120 mm.
Varieties of the Student model differ only in cost: wood-burning with a steel door, coal with a metal-based sash and with a cast-iron door equipped with glass.
Engineer
Furnaces of Professor Butakov of the Engineer type are among the more powerful and popular models, ideal for private homes and work sites. Like the Student, the structure contains enlarged convective tubes with thin walls.
Its characteristics:
- The manufacturer's declared power is 15 kW with an efficiency of 85%.
- The volume of heated spaces - 250 m³;
- The volume of the firebox is 120 liters.
The pipe diameter of this product is 120 mm.
Assistant professor
The Docent oven is a further development of the previous models, distinguished by its capabilities and power. As a rule, it is used for heating mansions, cottages, as well as industrial and warehouse premises.
Technical specifications:
- Power equivalent to electric - 25 kW.
- The efficiency is 85 percent.
- The permissible volume of heated spaces is 500 m³.
- The volume of the firebox is 250 liters.
The stove has a 150 mm chimney.
Professor
The Professor type stoves are the most powerful units from the entire presented model range. Their parameters:
- The maximum power is 40 kW.
- The size of the room that is heated with their help is 1000 m³.
- Weighing 57 kg, its dimensions are 670х1110х1250 mm.
The average pipe diameter of the Professor stove is 200 mm. The cost of individual modifications reaches 32,000 rubles.
Safe installation of the stove and chimney
To install the chimney on the engineer Butakov's stove, you will need to familiarize yourself with the installation instructions, which describe in detail all the installation operations. There is also a diagram for connecting pipes to the outlet manifolds of the unit. When installing them, special attention is paid to the issue of fire safety, which is primarily manifested in the choice of a suitable place.
The Butakov's boiler, as a rule, is installed directly on the floor of a residential or industrial premises. It is placed on a flat surface covered with a sheet of iron on top of a ten-millimeter asbestos flooring. On its base there are fastening holes that allow, if necessary, to fix the case on the flooring. During installation, it is important to ensure that the furnace insert and the body are at least 380 mm away from the walls and floor. If it is not possible to provide the required clearance, it is recommended to insulate the wall surfaces at a level of 25 cm above the top of the boiler. To do this, you can use one of the following techniques:
- cover with a layer of reinforced heat-insulating plaster 25 mm thick;
- place on the protected surfaces a 10 mm piece of asbestos with a steel sheet on top.
To insulate the floor in front of the firebox door, you will need to lay a metal sheet of the required size.
It is also important to determine the exact location of the chimney installation in the overlapping area on the ceiling surface. After marking it, a square hole is made in the selected area, insulated with basalt wool over metal sheets. According to the drawings, the Butakov stove is connected to the finished chimney by means of a special tee, which ensures that the residues of the combustion of firewood (soot) and condensate settle in it. Particular attention is paid to the quality of pipe joints, for which all joints of the gas exhaust system are sealed with a heat-resistant sealant.
