Technical device and installation of the Planar heater

In winter, it is cold inside the car while driving and at stops. This creates an inconvenience for the driver and passengers, and also makes it difficult to start the engine. Autonomous heater Planar quickly warms up the car interior and maintains a comfortable temperature.

The principle of operation and features of the Planar heater

The Planar heater is a product of the Russian companies "Advers" and "Teplostar". The principle of operation is simple: the device draws in air, warms up and returns it back to the passenger compartment. The device uses its own diesel fuel for heating - its operation does not depend on the engine of the car. For the device to function, it must be connected to a 12 or 24 V DC network.

The design is simple:

• All elements are located in a cylindrical or box-shaped body.
• Diesel fuel is taken through a tube from the tank of a diesel vehicle or a special heating tank. The pump supplies fuel.
• The diesel fuel flows through the pipe to the nozzle of the combustion chamber. The glow plug is also located here. Diesel fuel burns in the chamber.
• Diesel fuel requires air to burn. The supply is carried out through a flexible hose connected to the inlet pipe. Air is forced by a fan.
  
• The gas obtained during combustion leaves through the chambers and gives off heat through the heat exchanger to the main air masses. Smoke is discharged through the air vent hose outside the passenger compartment.
• An electrically driven fan circulates air. First, it cools the electric motor and heats up from it. Then it passes through the heat exchanger and its temperature increases even more. Warm air is supplied to the passenger compartment.
• The commutation of the blocks is performed by a loop with decks-connectors. Their shape is such that it excludes erroneous connection. Adjust the functions of the device using a remote control or other modification.
• The safety of the heater is ensured by a number of sensors and monitoring devices. The indicator monitors the flame in the combustion chamber, the temperature sensor measures the temperature of the air leaving the device, and so on.

The operation of the device can be controlled by the remote control or by means of the regulator directly on the body. The heater functions automatically: when the temperature in the passenger compartment reaches the set value, the Planar turns off, when it falls, it turns on.

Advantages and disadvantages

The Planar heater helps out many drivers. Truckers, bus drivers, travelers have to spend a lot of time in the cab of the car. In the cold season, the heating of the passenger compartment due to the operation of the engine is insufficient. Planar solves this problem.

Advantages of the device:

• In an hour, the heater, depending on its power, heats from 34 to 120 cubic meters. m. of air.
• The planar is economical - with such a high efficiency it consumes no more than 29-42 watts. The same volume of heated air requires 0.24 to 0.37 liters of diesel fuel per hour.
• The planar is effective at very low temperatures overboard - below -20 C.
• The installation works without time limits. It turns off automatically when the specified temperature is reached and turns on when it drops. You can turn off the device manually.
  
• The device is safe.In the event of a rollover, low flame, extinction of the flame, interruptions in the supply of air or fuel, the Planar switches off.
• The noise level is low.
• If you connect the air outlet pipes, warm air can be directed not only into the cabin, but also into the passenger compartment of the bus or into the cargo compartment if the cargo being transported needs a certain temperature regime.
• The device works autonomously from the car engine. This is a convenient option for spending the night in the car, as the Planar can heat the cab all night.

There are no disadvantages. Autonomous car heater Planar fully meets its purpose.

The heater is used not only in cars, but also for heating change houses, vans, booths, tents.

Package contents and characteristics

The complete set of the heater includes all units and parts of the device. The number and type of additional elements depends on the model. All fasteners are mandatory - washers, bolts, clamps, corners with gaskets, plugs, screens, and also all connecting elements - power harness, fuel pump, exhaust pipe. The planar is equipped with its own fuel tank and control panel.

There are 4 types of device. The main characteristics are shown in the table.

Air heater Planar 4DM2 24 differs from 12 only in requirements for current strength - 24 V, not 12 V.

All Planar models run on diesel fuel. If the supply is carried out from its own tank, the diesel fuel is diluted with kerosene in certain proportions. The ratio depends on the type of diesel fuel and temperature.

Monitoring and control system

The Planar heater operates in several modes. Operational safety, regulation and diagnostics of systems are provided by sensors and a control unit.

Control block

The module is located in the housing and connected to the executive blocks with commutation loops. Its functions are as follows:

• turning on and off the device;
• control and management of the fuel combustion process;
• initial diagnostics in case of breakdowns during start-up;
• automatic ventilation after stopping the Planar;
• emergency shutdown in the event of a breakdown of any unit, flame attenuation, power surges, heat exchanger overheating and other situations.

The control unit works together with the remote control.

Modes of operation

The autonomous engine air heater operates in 3 modes. However, the use often depends on the configuration of the model:

• By power - heats up the interior as quickly as possible. The heater, set to a certain power level - from 1 to 8, works continuously until the device is turned off manually.
• By temperature - the heater heats up the air to the set temperature. Then the heater is switched off and automatically switched on again as soon as the air cools down to the specified minimum. In automatic mode, the device operates until it is manually turned off.
• Ventilation - provides air exchange. Combines with temperature or power control. At the same time, the temperature is maintained with high accuracy, does not fluctuate within the specified range.

The temperature and power are set before starting. Parameters cannot be adjusted during operation.

Control panels

The remote control is installed on the dashboard or hung on a container in any place convenient for the driver. The device is connected to the device by a loop. The console is convenient in that it regulates the work of the Planar and serves as a diagnostic tool.

Heaters are equipped with different types of remote control:

• PU-10M - allows the Planar to operate in power and temperature modes, ventilation is not provided. Equipped with LED indicator.
• PU-5 - allows the Planar to work in all modes. The potentiometer handwheel is equipped with a conventional graduation, so that the temperature can be set more accurately. The indicator indicates work and malfunctions.
• PU-22 - functional buttons allow you to select a mode, a temperature sensor, the readings of which will be considered control, change the power and temperature indicators. Information about the Planar's work and breakdowns is reflected on the LED screen.

By the number, color and behavior of the LEDs, you can determine the cause of the malfunction and quickly eliminate it.

Installation requirements

Installation of the Planar is carried out strictly according to the instructions:

• The heater can be mounted both on the wall and on the floor. The position is strictly horizontal, tilt is prohibited.
• The distance from the walls or partitions to the inlet is at least 5 cm.
• The distance from the walls of the cabin from the outlet is at least 15 cm.
• The heater is installed in a place where it can be repaired and dismantled.
• The body must not come into contact with the walls or the floor of the cab.
• The fuel tank must not be installed in the passenger compartment, trunk or engine compartment. It is fixed in such a way that when the diesel fuel spills, it does not end up on the wiring.
• Combustion air is taken from outside, not from the passenger compartment or cargo hold. The suction port is positioned against the airflow while driving.

Place the inlet so that the Planar does not suck in exhaust gases during operation.

Possible error codes and malfunctions

The Planar display system signals errors. A number of breakdowns can be eliminated by yourself:

• 1 on the screen or blinking of the indicator - overheating of the heat exchanger. It is necessary to check the passage of air through the heater.
• 2 or 12 short blinks after a pause - overheating of the device itself. Check the pipes and the air supply to the combustion chamber.
• 12 or 15 or 9 fast flashes indicate power surges. The device turns off.
• 12 or 2 blinks - start is impossible due to lack of fuel, air, disturbance in the exhaust gas outlet.
• 20 or 30 and 8 blinks - communication is lost between the module and the control panel. Check the loops.
• 29 or 3 blinks of the LED - flame out in the burner. You need to check the fuel supply.
• 35 or 13 blinks is an 8DM only bug. Flame blowout due to low voltage.
• 78 - marked only on the screen. This is a warning that flame blowout occurs too often.

Malfunctions indicated by the following codes cannot be remedied by yourself. Dismantling of the device and specialist intervention is required:

• 4 or 6 or 6 blinks - the temperature sensor is out of order.
• 5 or 5 flashes - flame indicator broken.
• 9 or 4 blinks - the problem is the glow plug.
• 10, 27, 28 or 11 flashes - the electric drive is damaged;
• 11 on the screen or 18 blinks - the temperature sensor on the supply pipe is broken.
• Problems on the inlet pipe are coded with 23 or 15 blinks.
• 17 or 7 flashes - fuel pump failure.
• The appearance of the digit 33 or 16 flashes after a pause indicates that the device is blocked, because overheating was registered three times in a row. Unlocking is carried out only at a service center.
• 36 or 20 blinks - the flame temperature sensor detects too high a temperature.

It is impossible to ignore the readings of the device. If errors of the same type are repeated, the device is blocked or fails.

Operating instructions for the heater Planar

You can install and run Planar yourself, but if you have no experience with heating systems, you need to invite a specialist.

When switched on, the Planar performs testing, and if all elements are in good working order, it starts firing up. First, the chamber is purged, then diesel fuel and air are supplied.The burner works until the sensor fixes the set value. After that, the device turns off if it does not work in power mode.

After manual shutdown, the Planar is automatically ventilated.

Safety engineering

A cockpit or car salon is a very small space. Safety precautions must be strictly observed:

• there must be a fire extinguisher in the car, in a change house or garage - at least a bucket of sand;
• it is prohibited to lay the fuel line inside the passenger compartment or cabin;
• during refueling, the device is turned off;
• during repair and welding work, the heater is disconnected from the battery;
• before the end of the purge, it is prohibited to disconnect the device from the mains;
• after stopping the device, restarting is performed not earlier than after 5-10 seconds.

If the safety regulations are not followed, the manufacturer has the right to refuse warranty service.