The heating system includes many units with specific functionality. One of the main elements of the equipment is a filter that prevents contamination of the cavities of the equipment. This device significantly increases the efficiency of heat carriers, which are equipped with a large number of control valves.
- Purpose and principle of operation of mud collectors
- Varieties of filters
- By the type of particle separation
- By type of service
- By type of installation
- Advantages and disadvantages
- Types of mud collectors in the heating system
- Oblique brass
- Cast iron magnetic
- Flanged with magnets
- Subscriber
- Installation rules
- Maintenance of mud collectors in the heating system
Purpose and principle of operation of mud collectors
In the presence of heating equipment, debris, scale and rust, an accumulation of foreign fractions occurs at the junctions of the nodes. This leads to a decrease in the diameter of the cavities and adversely affects the operation of heat exchangers, circulation pumps, and other structures in the equipment.
When removing blockages, mud collectors are used for heating systems. They remove solid particles such as rust and scale, as well as suspended fractions that damage heating equipment.
The mechanism of operation of the dirt trap is quite simple. After water enters the nozzle, the working fluid is transported to the device body. Inside it, suspended particles fall to the bottom in the form of sediment.
The sump is installed inside the outlet pipes. After filtration, the purified working fluid flows back into the system. To clean the device from extraneous fractions, the glass with sediments is removed, cleaned and put back.
Varieties of filters
The classification of mud collectors for coolants is carried out according to 3 criteria:
- type of filtration of foreign fractions;
- type of service;
- installation method.
By the type of particle separation
In a mesh filter for heating and heating private houses, dirt is captured by the mesh and remains in the collection zone. To clean the structure, the bottom of the glass is turned off and all technical debris is removed.
Heating filter with magnetic cleaning mechanism helps to eliminate metal particles. They do not reduce the flow rate of the liquid, which is important when working with powerful pumps.
By type of service
Depending on the classification by type of service, filters are divided into 3 types:
- Self-cleaning. The sediment is removed from the glass and the top of the mesh and removed with water.
- Non-washable. When cleaning them, the coolant unit requires complete dismantling.
- Washing. The glass requires manual cleaning.
By type of installation
Depending on the features of the installation, mud filters for the heating system are divided into 3 types.
Mud collectors with a coupling type of connection - there are couplings with an internal thread on both sides of the device. Hexagons are installed on the body of the device for inserting an adjustable, open-end and gas wrench.
Flanged filters have an optional bolted O-ring.
Devices with a polypropylene piping loop are used for small diameter pipes.
Advantages and disadvantages
The advantage of filters is to prevent contamination of the main components in heating equipment.The presence of a sump in the system increases the service life of the coolant. In addition, among the advantages of the device are:
- fuel economy;
- reducing the cost of reagents for water purification;
- protection of convective elements of boilers.
The disadvantage of the mechanical principle of water purification manifests itself in the rapid clogging of the mesh filters with a high level of contamination of the working fluid. To solve the problem, a complex filtration technique is used. It consists in the use of magnetic mud collectors to remove scale and rust, as well as a device with a mesh to remove suspended particles.
Types of mud collectors in the heating system
The classification of filtration devices is carried out taking into account their structure and scope of use. There are 4 types of mud collectors:
- oblique brass;
- cast iron magnetic;
- flanged magnetic;
- subscriber.
Oblique brass
These filters are equipped with a 0.5-2 inch diameter threaded socket. These parameters are used for installation in autonomous heating systems.
The body of the sump is made of brass. There are threaded couplings at both ends of the device, intended for mounting the device. There is a gasket between the body and the plug. On the filter itself, the direction of flow of the working fluid is displayed.
The device is installed in front of the circulation pump. To clean the glass, you need to turn off the coolant supply taps and substitute a container into which the waste will flow. The mesh is cleaned with a polymer brush and rinsed with a stream of warm water.
Cast iron magnetic
The difference between these filters and oblique brass mud collectors lies in the material from which they are made. In these devices, parts are made of cast iron. The filtering parts are represented by a multi-layer mesh.
Flanged with magnets
Instead of a screw plug, these filters have a thin flange plug with a drain hole. In this case, you can regularly drain the debris from the coolant and rinse the sump without removing the plug.
Subscriber
These mud collectors are used for installation in areas where private houses are connected to heating mains. These filters have high performance characteristics.
Installation rules
All filters have an arrow for the direction of the working fluid on the transparent panel. Installation of mud collectors for heating occurs with strict observance of this index. The best locations for these devices are:
- metering devices;
- circulation pumps;
- near the regulatory structures of the system.
When installed horizontally, the spout of the device is placed at the bottom, and when installed vertically - on the side. Otherwise, extraneous fractions will not be removed from the system. It is recommended to install check valves and shut-off valves upstream of the dirt trap, followed by pressure reducing valves to control pressure indicators.
Maintenance of mud collectors in the heating system
Filters for the heating boiler should be cleaned 2-3 times a year. The frequency of the procedure depends on a number of specific factors, among which the main ones are:
- equipment dimensions;
- number of assemblies and control valves;
- degree of preliminary cleaning.
You can often clean your household dirt trap yourself. To do this, close the valves, unscrew the glass, remove it and thoroughly clean the filter itself.
Installing a mud collector is one of the mandatory heating elements with a large number of units and control valves. The filter increases the service life and efficiency of the system.
