There are fewer problems with weak chimney draft if a turbo deflector is used for ventilation. The device normalizes air exchange. The cost pays off in the first year of operation due to energy savings. Continuous rotation of the rotary head eliminates backdraft. The turbo deflector is used in ventilation systems and systems for the removal of combustion products.
Definition of turbo deflector
The deflector is an aerodynamic structure that is mounted above the chimney. The device uses the Bernoulli principle. The effect is that the static pressure in the duct decreases with an increase in the air velocity and a change in the transverse area of the pipe. Ventilated turbo deflectors increase thrust and efficiency of the exhaust duct.
Common designs are used:
- classic in shape - rectangular, square, round;
- tsagi - nozzles have a screen in the form of a cylinder, where a conical deflector is located;
- Grigorovich - a common option is placed on a nozzle in the form of a truncated cone, such a model is often made by hand;
- rotary - has a spherical pad, contains a turbine and blades in the structure;
- n-shaped, double - performed in the form of two perpendicular tubes connected by a hollow bridge, where the exhaust pipe is connected.
Static models are installed in common ducts of multi-storey buildings and individual ventilation systems, used to coordinate smoke removal in heating circuits and ventilate garbage chutes.
Design and principle of operation
The device uses the wind to dilute the atmosphere in the ventilation shaft and accelerate the removal of the polluted stream. The principle of operation of the turbo deflector is that the change in the force and direction of the cyclone does not affect the efficiency of the operation, because the impeller always turns in one direction and evacuates the space of the shaft.
The design includes 2 parts:
- The top is represented by a rotating head, the movement of which is imparted by the wind due to the pressure on the blades. The head is mounted with bearings with a zero resistance characteristic. The blades rotate on roller bearings, the movement will be uniform in low and strong winds.
- The bottom is made in the form of a base, which is fixed to the head of the chimney. There are holes for hardware in the case. The set includes roof passages at an angle of 15 - 35 ° at the request of the buyer.
The intensity of the air flow prevents the draft from overturning, and the hood over the pipe protects against the ingress of debris and precipitation.
Pros and cons of turbo deflectors for ventilation
The devices help to increase air exchange, prevent the appearance of condensation in the space between the elements of the roof.
A chimney turbofan has advantages in application:
- does not require connection to electricity;
- it has a long service life, depending on the material it works from 10 to 15 years;
- the channels where the rotary deflector is located are less often cleaned due to the exclusion of accidental entry of objects;
- compact and lightweight devices do not exert stress on the pipe;
- no special skills are required for installation;
- the equipment almost does not freeze up in frost due to constant mobility.
There are some disadvantages to using a turbo deflector. Due to the strong draft in the duct, the burners of a gas boiler sometimes blow out. The turbine stops in completely windless weather, when the relative humidity of the air reaches the limit or severe frosts.
The equipment cannot be used as the main force device in systems that serve premises with increased cleaning requirements (laboratories, some production facilities).
Types of turbo deflectors
Many types of deflectors have been developed to select a rotary head model that will work effectively in a specific environment. All devices differ in technical characteristics, despite the fact that the options available on the market are almost the same in appearance.
Rotary turbine models differ:
- by material of spare parts;
- by the size of the connecting ring.
Moving parts of the equipment require periodic maintenance. The cost of turbo deflectors is quite high, so many owners can make and install the structure with their own hands.
By material of manufacture
The choice of material depends on the buyer's preferences and budget. Some parts of the turbocharged device are made of plastic. Organic material based on natural or synthetic polymers does not react to moisture, acid precipitation.
The main materials are:
- thin sheets of chrome-plated or galvanized steel with a matte shade are presented in budget options;
- stainless steel has a double cost compared to the previous material; it is powder painted in standard colors of roofing;
- structural metal with a polymer coating does not differ in color from the facade or roof of the building.
Steel is a compound of carbon and iron, the first element gives the alloy hardness and strength, but reduces toughness and ductility. Hot-dip galvanizing is used to prevent surface corrosion and is a reliable protection method.
Chromium plating saturates the surface of steels with chromium molecules in an electric current or in an electrolyte bath. Processing increases the resistance of the metal to fracture and improves the appearance of products. Stainless steel is used uncoated or with a decorative layer, actively resists corrosion due to the addition of chromium, phosphorus, nickel, copper during production.
By the diameter of the connecting ring
The size of the seat is indicated in the marking and passport of the product. The diameter increment is 5 mm, sizes from 100 to 200 mm are available. More than 200 mm are made in sizes 250, 300, 315, 355, 400, 500, 600, 680 and 800 mm. Turbine diameters for extraction 1000 mm and others are made on request.
The deflector is installed on the outlet section of the ventilation pipe, which can have a cross-section of various shapes. The devices are available with a round, square base. There are turbo deflectors with a box base of the transition type. They are installed on ventilation ducts made of bricks or blocks.
The turbine retains its efficiency if the cross-sectional area of the seat ring differs from the same parameter of the pipe by no more than 15%.
Application area
The rotary nozzle on the ventilation shaft head is intended for rooms that require accelerated air exchange.The device has proven itself well as part of a smoke exhaust system for heating buildings.
The turbo deflector is used:
- In houses of the multi-storey sector and private buildings. The device increases the draft in the ventilation ducts of the last floors, eliminates the risk of reverse draft. In their own homes, the deflector is installed to ventilate cellars, storerooms, grocery stores, and is used for chimneys.
- On farms in buildings for livestock and agricultural purposes. They are used to equip mine risers of poultry houses, stables, haylings, grain storage.
- In environmentally friendly industries and in processing workshops.
- In public and crowded areas such as sports complexes, retail spaces, theaters, etc.
The unit is used to ventilate attic floors and ventilate the roof gap. For this, a device with a bottom diameter of 315 - 355 mm is used, which covers an area of 50 - 80 m2. The size of the ventilated area of the attic depends on the slope of the roof and increases with the steepness of the slope. The chimney hood will work more efficiently when using a rotary deflector.
Installation and maintenance
Reasons for stopping the impeller:
- lack of wind currents;
- seizure of bearings due to mechanical obstruction or lack of lubrication;
- freezing of the mechanism.
Frequent maintenance is not required, it is enough to check the condition of the device once a year and climb to the roof in case of a stop. In the process of lubrication, the cap is removed, the retaining ring is disconnected using a puller. This is how the bearing is replaced.
DIY turbo deflector
There are 2 options for a homemade turbo deflector, which can be easily designed with your own hands. In the first case, the body is made of a metal container in the form of a cylinder. The blades are cut from the walls, they need to be bent outward. The housing is mounted on the pivot shaft without the use of bearings. The base is made from a piece of metal pipe of a suitable diameter. The unit is fastened to the ventilation outlet with a clamp. The design is inferior in appearance to the factory models, therefore, it is installed on outbuildings.
The second option is made using a drawing of a turbo deflector, which is transferred to cardboard, the details are cut out with scissors. The parts are transferred to the metal using ready-made patterns. Before fastening to each other, fitting and fitting are done. Self-tapping screws, bolts with nuts and metal strips are used for the connection. The diameter of the ring is measured at the place of installation, the shaft and sleeve are made of the same metal.
Blueprints
First, the need is calculated, then drawings are made, which can be downloaded on the Internet. The drawing matters if the amount of sheet steel is limited. So the details will be located compactly and no extra space is wasted. The cut parts are put together in a mock-up to check the dimensional accuracy.
You can calculate the need for a device using the formula N = V / Pwhere:
- N - the number of deflectors;
- V - ventilated volume;
- P - device performance (available in the technical data sheet).
The ventilated volume is calculated by multiplying the room volume by the required air exchange.
Choosing a turbo deflector
When detecting weak thrust, it is better to choose turbocharged types, because static installations will not do the job. It is better to buy a mechanism with a closed bearing system.In budget models, open hinges are often used, which ice cover faster.
Selection options:
- by the diameter of the outlet of the chimney or ventilation shaft;
- by the cross-sectional area of the duct.
If the deflector is installed on the roof without ventilation outlets, the quantity is calculated according to the capacity, taking into account the volume of the roof space. In areas with regular strong winds, the H-shaped deflector works well.
The Turbovent enterprise makes aluminum turbines, the thickness of the metal is 0.5 - 1 mm. For the base, galvanized steel sheets 0.7 - 0.9 mm are used. The RAL catalog is used for painting. The manufacturer Turbomax produces natural traction amplifiers from 0.5 mm steel grade AISI 321. The product can withstand temperatures up to + 250 ° C, therefore it is installed on chimneys from stoves.
