The efficiency of ventilation in a cottage depends on the correct calculation and proper installation of the system.
The following systems are suitable for installing ventilation in a private house:
- Natural;
- Forced;
- Combined.
Mechanical air inflow and outflow are usually used as forced air. And they combine natural inflow and mechanical blowing. The choice of suitable ventilation in a private house is influenced by the ecology in the vicinity of the cottage, as well as the construction technology of the cottage itself.
Calculation of ventilation in a private house
The calculation of ventilation in a private house is based primarily on the volume of air that must be removed from the room and supplied to it. There are several calculation methods, for example, you can calculate the amount of moisture removed from the room, dilution of polluted air, and so on. Air supply rates are calculated based on technical standards and SNiPs.
The simplest methods for calculating ventilation in a private house are based on the area of the room and sanitary standards:
- The area of the premises is calculated as follows: in living rooms it is necessary to replace 3 cubic meters of air per hour per one meter of the area of the room;
- According to sanitary standards, one person who is in a room for most of the day requires 60 cubic meters of air per hour, and 20 cubic meters of air per hour for an incoming person.
The air exchange rate is influenced by the purpose of the room, so 20 times air exchange is required in the bedroom, 18 times in the kitchen, and 25 times in the bathroom.
It is important to choose the right air ducts.
They can be round or rectangular. The diameter of the air ducts is calculated based on the fact that in the main channel the air must move at a speed of 5 meters per second, and in the side channel no faster than 3 meters per second.
Rules for installing ventilation in a private house
When installing ventilation in a private house, the following requirements must be taken into account:
- The air blown out of the premises is discharged above the roof of the building. This is a prerequisite for a natural system. When forced, you can bring the channel out both inside the building and above the roof;
- With a forced inflow system, air is drawn in by an intake grille, which is located 2 meters above the soil surface;
- Installation of ventilation in a private house is organized so that the air flow moves from living rooms to the kitchen and bathrooms, but not vice versa.
