The graphic part of the internal water supply project includes an axonometric diagram of the water supply system. It is used to visualize the relative position of risers, pipelines and plumbing points. Axonometry is created based on plans of water supply networks.
Definition and purpose of the axonometric water supply scheme
Water supply axonometry simplifies the work of installers. They easily determine the location of the devices, the diameter of the distribution pipes and risers. Also, the document is intended to perform the calculation.
Displaying communications in a drawing
When working with a project for internal water supply and sewerage, general drawings are prepared on which water supply and sewerage are combined. In axonometric diagrams, these networks are always separated. The horizontal sections of the networks are transferred to the projection horizontally. On the plan, the risers are located near the serviced group of devices, indicated by large dots. On the diagram, they are built vertically. The riser farthest from the input is shown in full. The rest of the elements are carried out partially, indicating their brand. Vertical drawing of risers allows you to display the valves installed on them.
System parts displayed vertically on the project plan are drawn at an angle of 45 °. According to the routing, the cold water supply is laid 0.3 m above the floor, located with a slope of 0.002 towards the riser. This position is necessary to drain the liquid. The connection to the water fittings is carried out vertically.
All elements and nodes of the pipeline have their own marking and serial number in the drawing. Legend shows stop valves, taps, plumbing fixtures, water meters. In the manufacture of axonometry, the norms for the installation height of water consumption points are applied:
- sink and sink faucet - 1.1 m;
- bath tap - 0.8 m;
- connection to the water heater - 0.8 m;
- connection to the flush cistern - 0.65 m;
- fire hydrant - 1.35 m.
To shut off the water flow in the event of an emergency and for preventive maintenance of the system, shut-off valves (taps, gate valves) are installed. They are placed in key locations:
- at the base of the risers (in a building from 3 floors);
- at the entrances to apartments, branches to tanks, water heaters, showers;
- at the point of connection to the street network;
- on watering valves;
- in the water metering unit.
According to the current standards, it is planned to install a water meter for each apartment in new residential buildings.
What data is indicated when drawing up a diagram
- image and marking of risers;
- the place where the pipeline is connected to the building;
- floor branch of the wiring;
- shut-off and control valves;
- the height of the level of the location of plumbing fixtures;
- dimensions of pipeline sections (in mm);
- floor marks of all floors;
- water meter unit in the basement;
- watering taps.
On the diagrams, using the leader, the diameter of the pipes is indicated, the nozzles that are used when changing the dimensions of the wiring. It is necessary to note the places of water discharge, fire hydrants, instrumentation.
Features of sketch design
Axonometry is designed for objects with a large number of pipeline elements and a passage diameter of 50 mm or more. There are fewer requirements for sketches than for drawings. The main focus on the projection is given to the drawing of the devices. When elements are superimposed on each other, the image is carried out. Network gap and offset are indicated by a dashed line. The procedure is necessary for the normal reading of all details. If additional detailing is required, individual nodes are drawn on a larger scale, for example, 1:50.
At the place where the highway enters the building, a relative and absolute ground elevation is put down. It is located below the zero point of reference - the floor of the first floor. The numerical indicator is written with a minus sign. If the installation of pressure tanks and pumps is envisaged, then their relative marks are indicated. In places where polymer pipes pass through the floor slabs, sleeves are installed. Such areas are marked on the diagram.
The complete axonometric diagram serves as the basis for performing the hydraulic calculation of the system. According to it, sections of the main line with a constant water flow are determined. The nodal points are the sections of pipelines branching from the risers. Tables (specifications) for materials and equipment are drawn up to the scheme.
