The depth of the well for water depends not only on the cost of the work done, but also on the quality of the water raised to the surface. As a rule, the fundamental factor that makes the owners monitor this parameter is the high cost of work. A fixed amount is required for each meter. If the work on the site is carried out independently, the depth of the well must be known for the correct choice of pumping equipment.
Borehole depth determination methods
There are still no ways that with a 100% guarantee will allow you to establish the exact depth of water occurrence before drilling. Even bringing a geophysicist to a personal plot with all the equipment will not be able to help.
To find out the depth of the well after drilling, you need:
- source passport;
- rope;
- pumping system;
- weighting device for immersion of the meter;
- measuring tool.
The presence of a passport will allow you to navigate the approximate parameters of the well. It also contains information about the level of drinking water location, the boundary of the maximum liquid filling, indicators of the depth and diameter of the casing pipe. In the absence of a document, it will be more difficult to measure.
Work order
Well depth measurements are carried out in several stages:
- Measure the radius of the hole.
- Attach a weighting material to the lowered end of the rope.
- Submerge the rope into the hole until it is felt that it has touched the bottom.
- After pulling out the rope, determine the water level and the actual depth of the well.
Using this method, it is possible to calculate the statistical depth parameters. There is one more concept - dynamic indicators. Pumping units are used to measure them. The process itself does not require special skills and does not take much time. With the help of pumping equipment, all the water is pumped out of the well, after which the rope is lowered for measurements. A small amount of water will always remain at the bottom, the distance to it will be an indicator of the dynamic depth.
Using a pumping station, a filter mesh must be put on the submerged part of the hoses. This will prevent dirt from entering the pump.
Determining the required drilling depth
You can calculate the depth of drilling a well as follows: when the drilling rig reaches the first aquifer, water samples are taken and sent for examination. If the composition does not contain harmful impurities and a high concentration of solid particles, work can be stopped. If the indicators are not normal, they continue to increase the depth.
Wireline measurement
You can measure indicators yourself in a fairly simple way. You need to purchase or rent a logging cable with magnetic tags, which are located at a certain interval. They allow you to see all the information you need about the well.
The top of the cable is equipped with a screen that displays the actual data. If the cable touches the bottom and the surface shows the interval between marks, the readings will automatically appear on the display.
Acoustic depth gauge
The technology of using the device is extremely simple, moreover, this method is one of the most accurate. You do not need to purchase it, you can rent it.
The device directs signal waves inward. They are reflected at the bottom and come back to the surface. By introducing the obtained indicators into the given formulas, all technical parameters of the well are calculated.
How to check old wells
When purchasing a house with an artesian well already located on the site, the documents to which are not attached, most likely, you will have to equip a new well. This is due to the fact that the repair of old water sources is impractical. This is not only financial, but also time-consuming. It is quite possible that its service life has long come to an end, during the downtime, debris and stones have collected, casing pipes have been torn, etc. This problem is especially common when it comes to sand wells.
To restore the source, you will need to pay for logging, purchase a submersible pump that will try to pump out the contents. If the casing is ruptured, there is a possibility that the equipment will snag on it. It will be possible to check the performance of the well only by trial. If the result is not encouraging, you will have to start drilling again at the site.
Is it possible to believe the data in the passport
If specialists from a drilling company were involved in the work process, a technical passport is attached to the well, in which all the main parameters are recorded. Whether it is possible to 100% believe the indicated data, it is impossible to answer unequivocally.
As a rule, when choosing specialists, they look at their professionalism and reputation. Not a single self-respecting company will deliberately add extra meters in order to benefit from it. Therefore, it is strongly recommended to give preference to experienced and proven specialists. If possible, you should be present yourself during drilling operations.
It is easy to calculate by yourself while drilling. In the process of work, special installations equipped with rods are used. The deeper the depth, the more the booms are used. When using a small-sized drilling rig, the calculation is carried out after the end of the work.
When conducting a water supply system in a country or private house, many factors are taken into account. For example, rock hardness, soil profile, nature of aquifers, water quality, etc. It is possible to independently carry out drilling operations, but provided that the depth of the groundwater is small and the requirements for the quality of the water used are small.
If you need high-quality water when carrying out an autonomous water supply system, you need to seek professional help. It is recommended not to economize in such matters, as this can lead to the opposite result.
