To organize an autonomous water supply system and, possibly, drainage in a country house, the installation of a pumping station or a submersible, surface pump is required. In order for the equipment to be able to meet all the needs of homeowners due to technical limitations, it is necessary to correctly calculate the power of a submersible pump for a well. In this case, the technical features of the water well, the volume of the consumed resource and the remoteness are always taken into account.
Why do you need to calculate the pump performance for water supply
Do not underestimate the importance of preliminary calculation of the required power and performance of the pumping equipment. If you neglect it, in the end, due to the technical limitations of the pump, it will not be possible to establish uninterrupted operation of the autonomous water supply, as well as to provide a comfortable water intake.
Pumping equipment of insufficient power will start more often than expected, which will lead to overheating of the engine and rapid failure. When it comes to heavy duty water pumps, the situation is similar. The equipment will run "idle" most of the time, which will lead to overheating of the engine and rapid wear of parts.
In order to efficiently organize the water supply system on your personal plot, you need to familiarize yourself with the following information:
- Pumps are divided into several types: in the form of stations, deep and surface. To choose the appropriate option in a particular case, you need to familiarize yourself with the peculiarities of each work.
- Surface equipment is designed to operate without immersion in a humid environment, and has an acceptable cost in comparison with analogues. Recommended for water intake from a depth of no more than 12 meters.
- Submersible pumps are in demand because they have proven themselves to be powerful, efficient and reliable, effectively purify well water from admixtures of sand, silt and other contaminants. They are divided into centrifugal and screw, the latter are used not only at home, but also in open water.
When choosing equipment, it is impermissible to save on its power, since otherwise the autonomous network will not be able to efficiently wash the cleaning filters. It is also important to take into account that many manufacturers indicate in technical data sheets not the nominal (operating) parameters, but the maximum characteristics. It is better to rely only on operating parameters to keep performance and power in good condition.
Before proceeding with the calculations, you need to take care of the quality and throughput of the pipes. The pipeline is made of polypropylene or metal. The first ones are more in demand due to their affordable cost and lightness, the disadvantage is low resistance to pressure drops in the system.
Things to Consider
When providing uninterrupted water supply to a country house, it is important to accurately determine the parameters of water pumps. If an error is made in calculating the required capacity, the water intake equipment will pump out an insufficient amount of water - this will inevitably lead to the need to purchase a new pump, and this is an additional cost.
When calculating the performance of an electric water pump, it is important to take into account the following parameters of the water main and the tank:
- The depth of the source.To determine the rate, it is important to know the bottom depth. From a practical point of view, these parameters will allow you to optimally select a pump with the required immersion depth and lift height.
- Knowledge of the static level of the well. This is the interval between the water surface and the surface. Allows you to set the height of the rise of the water column, as well as the depth of immersion of the pump. This parameter is calculated in the absence of complete water intake and the well stay at rest for several hours, or better than a day. Depending on the season, the parameter changes and decreases during the spring flood, so the calculations are best done in summer in dry and warm weather.
- Dynamic level - the interval between the water mirror and the surface when the equipment is turned on. This parameter allows you to choose the right submersible pump, as it displays the required immersion depth.
- Consumption volume. The calculation is based on the number of people living in the house, as well as the performance of the autonomous station. Calculated using special plumbing fixtures, as well as when using a water intake calculator for household appliances. It is important to know that the consumption volumes should not exceed the well production rate.
The pump for the well must be selected in such a way that the debit of the well exceeds the nominal pump flow by at least 25% - Well shaft diameter. This indicator affects the size of the selected pump. In shallow and narrow Abyssinian springs, it is not possible to install deep pumps, the liquid is raised by surface units with a water intake pipe lowering into the shaft. The diameter of standard deep well centrifugal pumps is up to 4 inches. Designed for sources with a diameter of at least 100 mm.
- Distance from home to well. When calculating, it is important not to forget to translate vertical meters into horizontal ones. This ratio depends on the material of the pipe and its diameter, which affects the hydraulic resistance.
An important criterion is the quality of well water. It varies depending on the type of source. Water from artesian wells is recognized as the cleanest.
Abyssinian wells have a water layer depth of no more than 8 meters, as a result, the equipment suction holes are located in the water layer. Deeper sandy varieties have a clay or sandy bottom. In the first and second cases, in order to avoid clogging of the filters, screw or centrifugal deep pumps equipped with special cleaning filters are used.
How to calculate pump power for a well
To calculate the required power, you must first use the formula for calculating the pressure. It has the following form: H (tr) = H (geo) + H (losses) + H (free), where:
- H (tr) is the required parameter for pumping equipment;
- Н (geo) - horizontal section length and lifting depth;
- H (losses) - the sum of losses in the water supply network, is established according to the tables - these losses are due to the friction of the liquid against the surface of the pipeline, as well as the drop in speed in the areas where tees and elbows are glee;
- H (free) - the head that is required to create a working pressure in the system. This value ranges from 15 to 30 meters.
When choosing a water pump, the most important parameters are the head of the water column and the performance. To calculate the latter, the pressure value is multiplied by the number of people living in the house.
It is better to give preference to water pumps equipped with automation. If the engine overheats during operation, the system will automatically shut it off.
