How to assemble a water filter yourself

Homemade filtering devices for rough water purification are a necessary thing in everyday life, since boiling is not always enough. You can make them without special knowledge and skills from the available materials. DIY constructions cleanse water from large solid impurities, and can also improve the composition of the water. The result depends on the filter medium used.

Required tools and materials

The complete list of materials and tools used depends on the type of filter to be manufactured. The versatile materials and work equipment are as follows:

• a five-liter plastic bottle (it will serve as a filter housing);
• a piece of natural rags or gauze folded in several layers;
• reservoir for the intake of purified water;
• small shells and pure quartz sand;
• knife;
• charcoal.

Many have difficulty in obtaining the last material, charcoal. Cooking is quite simple. It is necessary to pour the chopped wood of deciduous trees without bark into a metal container. It is best to use aspen or birch. Put the prepared raw materials on fire. As soon as the wood is hot and begins to smoke, the reservoir with the contents is left and cooled.

Coniferous trees are not used for the preparation of coal, since they contain essential oils that spoil the taste of water. The most effective is a charcoal water filter with your own hands, equipped with several layers.

Coarse water filter at home

To make the simplest design, you will need to prepare a clean plastic bottle with a volume of up to 1.5 liters and a cartridge for one of the ready-made store products, for example, the Barrier. One cartridge is enough to clean approximately 180 liters of liquid, then it is replaced with a new one.

The manufacturing algorithm is as follows:

1. Carefully mark and cut the top of the plastic container, the height should be approximately the same as the cartridge.
2. The filter element is inserted into the container through the cut-off neck until it stops. The places where the structure rests are marked with a marker.
3. The marked area on the plastic is cut off. The result is a kind of funnel.
4. The final stage - a cartridge with a funnel is placed in the bottom of the cylindrical bottle.

After contamination, the purchased cartridge must be removed, since otherwise pathogenic microflora can settle in the home-made structure.

There is another option for a homemade filter. The role of the cartridge is performed by a two-liter plastic bottle filled with a filtering mixture, the body is a bucket with a lid. This method of cleansing is convenient to use during holidays or on hikes, when the liquid is taken from open reservoirs.

After coarse cleaning, the liquid must be subjected to heat treatment.

The manufacturing technology of the device is as follows:

• There must be a hole on the lid of the bucket. As a rule, you have to do it yourself. The diameter should be equal to the size of the bottle neck. The latter is brought into it from the outside.
• Before tightening the thread, 6-7 through holes must be made in the plastic bottle cap.This can be done with a thin drill or a hot awl. In the latter case, it is better to make holes from the inside.
• The lower part of the bottle is cut off, after which the edges are slightly melted with a lighter. If you neglect this point, you can get injured when placing the filter mixture.
  

  

• If the bottle is hanging over the bucket, holes are made on both sides for the rope.
• In field conditions, cotton pads or clean cotton wool are inserted into the neck. If the filter is being prepared for home use, it is better to give preference to lutrasil folded in several layers.
• Charcoal or crushed activated charcoal is placed on cotton wool, cotton pads or lutrasil. The thicker this layer, the better the liquid will be cleaned.
• The filtering substance is covered with cotton wool from above, and then with a layer of natural rags. When hiking, you can use a clean handkerchief as a rag.
• A cut plastic bag is laid on top of the laid layers, and in the upper part of the bottle it is fixed by its edges. This allows contaminated filter masses to be quickly removed from the container.

At the end, the operability of the device is checked by pouring a small amount of water. As it cleans, it will drain into the bucket.

The advantage of this design is that it can be used not only at home but also outdoors.

Features of homemade flow filters

Water purification is especially effective if it is previously subjected to rough purification. It is recommended to install mechanical filters at the pipeline inlet to a house or apartment. With their help, water is purified from rust, sand and other large solid particles, which reduce the service life of plumbing and household appliances, negatively affect human well-being and health.

After coarse cleaning, it is recommended to subject the water to a more thorough treatment. The following filler materials are used at home:

• coal;
• cotton wool;
• grass;
• paper napkins;
• various natural fabrics;
• filter sand.

In addition, the use of silver is considered to be an effective way to filter water. Metal is famous for its ability to destroy pathogenic and pathogenic microflora. Another time-tested filter is silicon. It has a pronounced disinfecting effect and is an effective absorbent.

The advantages of homemade water purification filters:

• you can make a homemade water filter in the country or while on a hike;
• requires minimal financial investment;
• using the filter, it is possible to get rid of the unpleasant odor and taste of water;
• the products effectively separate large solid particles from the liquid.

Among the shortcomings, it can be noted that it is impossible to completely get rid of pathogens - water can threaten human health if it is not additionally processed thermally.