How to choose the right submersible pump for a summer cottage and garden

Regular water supply to the suburban area provides comfort to its owners and a stable, good harvest. More often, a well or a well is dug for an autonomous water supply / irrigation device. A submersible pump is used to lift the liquid. The small unit can easily handle large volumes of water per unit of time. At the same time, the price for submersible water pumps for summer cottages is quite acceptable.

Scope and device of submersible pumps

As a rule, submersible (deep) units are used to lift water from a well or well. In addition, there is a separate category of devices for a suburban area - drainage (fecal). This group of pumps cope with highly polluted water and is used to drain flooded premises, pump out cesspools. These pumps grind impurities with special cutting elements.

Standard downhole units are used to supply water to a country house / cottage or to irrigate an area.

The principle of operation of submersible pumps is that they suck water into the chamber and then transport it up the riser pipe to the water supply system.

Classification of submersible pumps

All deep water supply units are divided into types according to the type of device and purpose. Well and borehole apparatus are distinguished depending on the field of application. The former are inert to water mixed with debris. They sometimes have impressive dimensions and do not fit into the casing. Downhole pumps are suitable for working with the purest water and are made in the form of a thin flask. Its diameter is always 1-3 cm less than the well casing section.

With regard to the principle of operation, deep pumps are:

• Centrifugal. These types of units have blades that move at high speed, sucking in water, pressing it against the walls of the working chamber and sending it further up the pipe. Most often, these pumps are used in the well. They work due to centrifugal force. These devices are many times more efficient than submersible vibration pumps, but they are sensitive to impurities in the water. Centrifugal units are often equipped with a cooling system that prevents the equipment from overheating.

• 

  Vibrating. Equipped with a membrane that fluctuates as a result of pressure drops in the working chamber. It, in turn, changes up or down depending on the increase / decrease of water. The check valve periodically opens and closes, contributing to the filling of the working chamber with liquid from the source and further movement of water upward. Basically, vibration pumps are used for wells, since in the well they silt the bottom due to constant water fluctuations. In addition, such a pump makes a lot of noise. In wells, the unit is also not used because of its diameter. If it had entered the casing, the constant vibrations of the apparatus over time would have violated the integrity of the liner walls.

It is advisable not to install the second type of equipment close to the bottom of the well, otherwise it will provoke particles of sand, clay into the water and supply contaminated liquid to the house.

Criterias of choice

To choose the right submersible pump for the garden, it is important to be guided by the following criteria:

• Pump type (vibrating or centrifugal). The first is ideal for a well, the second for a well.A centrifugal apparatus can also be placed in a wide source, if the budget allows.
• Performance. It is indicated in the technical passport for the equipment and is calculated in liters / hour. To calculate the required performance for a particular summer cottage, you need to take into account the number of people in the house and multiply by the standard 10 l / h. It is also worth adding the flow rate for watering. It is about 1 m3 per day. It is desirable that the pump has a certain capacity margin - about 10-15%.
• Device size. Important if the question is about a well. Anyone will do for a well.
• Water pressure. Calculated by the formula hs + 0.2L + 30, where H is the water column according to the passport; hs is the depth of the pump installation from the ground surface; L is the length of the pipeline from the source to the point of water supply.
• The quality of the liquid. If the well is very sandy, you need to pay attention to the pump's ability to pump contaminated fluid.

When choosing a pump for a water supply system in the country, it is important to take into account the total depth of the source from the surface of the earth to its bottom. Each model is designed for a specific immersion depth. In addition, over time, the primary indicator for the source may change downward due to silting of the bottom.

Installation steps

The submersible water unit is mounted in the following sequence:

• A welded frame is prepared, on which a cable will be attached in the future to fix the pump. It is installed on the head of the well or along the edge of the well. The frame can be simply welded from a metal corner.
• Measure the length from the upper prospective branch pipe of the unit to the point of exit from the source. The flexible pipe is cut to a predetermined length. She is laid while on the ground.
• Check the outlet pipe for serviceability and the presence of a check valve. If not, then install. After that, a connecting sleeve is mounted (the joints are sealed in parallel) and the pump is connected to one end of the pipe.
• The electric cable of the pump is stretched along the tube. The fixing cable is pulled here. It is desirable that it be nylon. Steel rusts and breaks over time. One end of the cable is attached to hooks on the body of the device.
• The pipe, cable and cord are tightened with plastic clamps with a pitch of 20-25 cm. At the same time, free sagging of the elements or their excessive tension are avoided. Some craftsmen use electrical tape for screed, but this is not entirely hygienic and durable.
• The pump is lowered into the source and fixed on the welded frame at the top.
• The pump is connected to the network, water is pre-filled into the system, and all connections are checked for leaks.

It is only necessary to lower the garden unit into the well / borehole using the safety cable. First, it must be tied to the frame so that it does not slip out of your hands during the dive. It is forbidden to hold the pump by the electric cable or pipe while lowering the apparatus.

Submersible pump cost

Submersibles change their price up or down, depending on the device, power and manufacturer. Average cost of submersible pumps in Moscow:

For summer cottage use, for the purpose of watering the site, you can buy a completely inexpensive deep unit. With careful use, it will last 5 years or more. In addition, vibration pumps are repairable, you can handle the repair yourself.