Each of the pump elements must work stably. To do this, you must follow the rules when connecting and select equipment according to the specified parameters. If any point was not taken into account, the unit fails. If the pump was installed by a master from a service center, repairs will be carried out free of charge under warranty. If the owner carried out the installation himself, it will have to be repaired at his own expense.
Troubleshooting Algorithm
- the presence of sufficient water in the well;
- no electrical wiring faults in the house, as well as compliance with the needs of the pump - voltage, frequency of current;
- the ratio of equipment productivity and well depth;
- serviceable pump;
- the working condition of the pipeline.
Based on this, you need to try to independently determine why a surface or submersible pump does not pump water well.
You need to look for the cause one by one in three places - in the house, in the well, in the ground. To begin with, disconnect the pipe between the pump and the line. If liquid starts to pour out of the tube, then the problem is not with the equipment. If the unit does not raise water, you need to get it out and look for the problem inside the case or in the electrical unit.
If the submersible pump hums, but does not pump water, there may be connection errors, incorrect arrangement of parts during assembly, changes in the operation of the device during operation.
To begin with, check the water level if the unit initially worked normally, then stopped raising the liquid. Another reason is power surges or voltage drops. If the pumping equipment has just been assembled and it refuses to start, there will be more reasons.
Expensive imported pumps are equipped with a powerful protection system and are turned off in case of any violation of operating conditions. This is done so that home craftsmen who read the instructions after installation do not contact the manufacturer with a demand to return the money, but look for a problem or call the craftsmen from the service to fix errors.
The main causes of breakdowns of submersible pumps and how to eliminate them
Making the installation for the first time in life, there is a chance to make a mistake in one of the points. Many people make several mistakes at once, some of them are the reason for the non-working condition of submersible or surface pumps.
The causes of breakdowns for each type of pump depend on their design features. For example, in drainage and fecal systems there is such a phenomenon as cavitation. If the height of the rise of dirty water or cesspools exceeds the capabilities of the equipment, or it does not match the amount of liquid in power, air accumulates inside the pipe, and the water does not have time to get under the blades. As a result, the unit turns off.
The most common reasons for pumping equipment failure:
- a drop in the liquid level in the hot season, due to soil movements;
- the pump is very powerful - the debit of the well is small;
- an error in the calculation of the head, the installer did not take into account the horizontal distance of the line;
- the voltage in the network is below the permissible level;
- a plug of debris or building materials in a pipe;
- depressurization of the pipeline or mechanical damage;
- damage to the pump itself.
If the water goes into the lower horizons, the built-in thermal relay turns off the equipment, the overheating protection is triggered. Dry-running protection may be triggered. It happens that the device is suspended high - at a dynamic level. In this case, you need to lower it lower - to a static level so that the flow is not interrupted.
The well, when using a vibration pump, is often silted up and requires cleaning. Therefore, drilling must be carried out by licensed companies that provide a guarantee of the quality of services and carry out all the work to maintain its cleanliness.
Incorrect debit calculation
Dry-running protection will periodically operate if the well does not have time to refill between pump starts. A very powerful device was selected that quickly drains the casing. If, at the same time, the storage tank has a large volume, and the water consumption in the house, especially in the morning and evening, is too high, most likely you will have to change the pump to a less powerful one or drill an additional well.
Insufficient height of the water column
Errors in the choice of the height of the water column lead to the fact that the equipment is not able to raise the liquid with the available parameters. Most often, the master does not take into account the horizontal section of the highway, which also consumes the power of the unit. More pressure is also required if the line has many turns, connections, transition sections that increase resistance.
Power outages
If the motor turns on and then suddenly shuts down, there is probably not enough voltage in the mains. It is measured with instruments, and then a transformer or stabilizer is installed. You cannot save on this, since a more expensive unit can burn out.
Silting of wells and debris
With a very dirty well or well, the housing and impeller become clogged with debris. The motor hums, but the water does not rise to the surface. It is necessary to lift the equipment, disassemble and rinse, but this should be done by a professional, since it is important to seal the case well again. It is necessary to put grids or filters so that the sediment does not get inside the device.
The problem arises literally within 2 days after the start of the water supply system, if the workers left construction waste inside - tapes, rags. These residues cover the filter and prevent liquid from entering the house. At the same time, the pump turns off, but it is serviceable.
Mechanical damage to pipes
If pipes are damaged in the ground, the pump works normally, but water does not enter the house. This occurs when poor-quality connection of parts of the pipeline with fittings or when the ground moves. Improper selection of materials or the accumulation of mineral sediment on the inner walls also prevents the liquid from passing through the line. You need to change either the damaged area, or the entire system, if it was laid long ago. This happens most often if the water contains a large amount of carbonates or iron salts. In a plastic line, the risk of pipe clogging is much less, because their walls are smooth.
If the pump is not properly suspended, the weight can press on the pipe and deform it. The way out is to tighten the cable or chain. Considering that the unit can weigh up to 30 kg, soft materials are damaged quickly.
Damage inside the device is repaired at the service center. The most common reason is a breakdown of the pressure switch or depressurization of the hydraulic tank. In this case, the submersible pump is not switched off.
Fault Prevention
It is possible to completely protect yourself from breakdowns of pumping equipment only if all work from laying the pipeline to installing electrical devices will be performed by professional craftsmen who provide documentation and a guarantee for the amount of work performed. With a lack of practice and errors in calculations, no one is safe from failures and breakdowns.
