What equipment is needed for the device of the water supply system

The choice of equipment for cold and hot water supply systems is an important step in the arrangement of an apartment or house. The higher the quality of all elements of the system, the less problems there will be in its operation.

Types of water supply systems

The complete set of the water supply system depends on the type of line: external / internal, centralized / autonomous

The complete set of plumbing fixtures and equipment for water supply depends on the type of water distribution. Water supply, like sewerage discharge, can be centralized and autonomous. The first type is usually implemented in urban environments. Water is fed from a single source, and the drains are sent to a common collector. The advantages of such an organization of water supply and drainage are that all problems in the outer part of the highways are solved by public utilities.

Private houses are equipped with autonomous systems if it is impossible to connect to the citywide network. This type of water supply requires the arrangement of a well or well. Homeowners are independent of off-site issues, emergency or seasonal outages. But maintaining the operation of autonomous highways is completely their concern.

When selecting indoor equipment for water supply, it is necessary to take into account the method of connecting the branches to consumers. The laying of pipelines can be:

  • consistent;
  • collector;
  • mixed.

In the first case, engineering lines run in parallel, connecting through tees. The advantage of such a wiring is ease of installation and cost-effectiveness, and the disadvantage is the dependence on the pressure of the water flow. With a large number of consumers, water may not be enough for everything.

The collector version assumes a fan-shaped distribution of pipes, which allows you to use all the plumbing at the same time, since the pressure in the pipes will be constant. Each pin can be independently overlapped without affecting the operation of other consumers.

Collector wiring is more convenient, but more difficult to install and not economical. You need more components for a fan water supply. In addition to additional pipes and fittings, you will need special devices - collectors with a different number of connectors for connecting distribution pipes. It is more rational to create a mixed scheme that combines both types of water supply.

Types of equipment and components

In the in-house part of the pipelines, the elements are practically the same for both water supply systems. You will need pipes, connecting and outlet fittings and manifolds for fan-shaped water distribution. The complete set of the external part of the centralized system is under the jurisdiction of the public utilities.

An external water supply network in private houses will require the following equipment:

  • Pumping devices - surface or submersible. The first ones pump water from the intake hose. They are not able to lift water to great heights. Submersible pumps are more practical. They sink into the water while cooling down on their own. They are capable of lifting liquid to the required height, therefore they are better suited for wells. The downside is that submersible devices are more expensive. The pumps are connected to the outlet pipe and equipped with check valves.
  • Pipe sections. They can be steel, plastic, metal-plastic and copper. The second and third options are most often used. Steel products rust quickly and are heavy, copper products are too expensive. Metal-plastic and plastic products weigh little, they are convenient to transport and install. They have a long service life.The pipes are connected using special connecting fittings. Connection to plumbing fixtures can be made with a flexible bellows line for water.
  • Hydraulic tank. The tank is used as a buffer tank for water storage and as a device for maintaining a stable pressure in the water supply network. Protects the pump from wear, protects the system from water hammer. The device is divided by a membrane partition into air and water compartments, and operates due to the difference in pressure between them.

To provide a private house with hot water, water heating installations are used. They can be powered by gas or electricity. The most commonly used are storage and flow heaters. In the first case, the device heats water like a giant kettle. In the second, heating is performed at the moment the tap is turned on.

It is also advisable to equip the pumping unit with an automatic control unit. This will save time on maintenance and avoid accidents.

Automation must have the following functions:

  • the ability to switch control to manual mode;
  • switching the pumping station to raise water and drainage;
  • motor thermal overload protection;
  • control of water level and pressure switches;
  • dry running protection.

The connection of the automatic units must be entrusted to a specialist. The owner of the well or well will be able to control all water supply processes, including the pressure level.

Integrated cleaning system

All water mains are equipped with filtering devices. Which filter to install depends on the results of the water analysis. If de-ironing is required, cartridge degreasers or membrane filtration devices are used. At the same time, they are able to remove the smell of hydrogen sulfide and manganese compounds. A reverse osmosis device will save you from excess fluoridation. If it is necessary to reduce the hardness, use filter softeners. When using well water, it is recommended to use an ultraviolet disinfectant.

For a more thorough cleansing, whole complexes are installed that de-iron and soften the water, remove any bacteria and harmful substances.

Main selection criteria

The selection of equipment for water supply begins with the selection of a pumping device. First of all, they rely on the depth of the rise. Here they pay attention to the water pressure, the performance of the apparatus, the cross-section of the pipes, the number of storeys of the building.

In the conditions of autonomous water supply, it will be necessary to equip a coarse mesh filter and, additionally, a cartridge or membrane device. For a centralized system, only a cartridge device may be sufficient.

When buying a hydraulic tank, pay attention to its volume and fastening - horizontally and vertically. The larger the tank, the more benefit it will bring. However, the indicators must correspond to the power of the pump. The material is also important. Steel tanks are more reliable because plastic is prone to deformation.

When choosing pipes, they are guided by the material of manufacture and the cross-section of the products. According to state standards, products with a diameter of 32 mm and more are suitable for external work, and from 12.7 mm for internal work. When drawing up a project, the required number of fittings is calculated. All fittings and shut-off valves must exactly match in cross-section and the principle of connection with the corresponding pipe sections.

If you choose the right things for sewerage and water supply, problems in the operation of the systems can be avoided. This will save the owner of the house nerves and save money due to the absence of the need for repairs.

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