In private houses located far from the main water supply pipeline, wells, wells and springs located near the villages have always been used. But technologies have made it possible to equip the water supply of a private house, summer cottage, cottage with simultaneous drainage, collection, drainage and disposal of polluted water. At the request of the owner, an autonomous water supply with wastewater disposal can be arranged on the territory of his land ownership. In this case, all equipment and technical support is carried out at the expense of the site owner.
- Scheme of a country well water supply system
- Arrangement of an internal highway
- Drinking water, purification systems
- Plumbing for the water supply system
- Water supply source
- Equipment and materials
- Preservation of well water supply for winter
- Preservation of the pipe system for the winter
- Plumbing for seasonal use
- Plumbing maintenance rules
Scheme of a country well water supply system
- A source that can be used to draw water. Basically, in the territory of private houses and summer cottages, wells and underground wells serve as such sources.
- Equipment for the arrangement of the water intake system. This includes pumps for lifting water (electric or manual). At the summer cottage, where water is used from the beginning of the season until its end, mechanical structures are installed. They provide a low fluid intake. If a large water intake is envisaged, then an automatic pump model is installed, for which a connection to the power unit is required. Stations with a surface pumping unit are popular with consumers.
- Automatic devices for enabling and disabling pumps, protecting them from idle runs in the absence of water in the source.
The elements of private water supply are selected taking into account the physical characteristics of the water layers on the site. All data can be obtained from the specialists of the water utility.
Arrangement of an internal highway
For the arrangement of the internal water supply main, products made of modern polymeric materials are used:
- polypropylene;
- cross-linked polyethylene (metal-plastic).
Pipes made of copper and steel are also used in the piping system, but less frequently.
Drinking water, purification systems
In the autonomous water supply system, it is planned to install plumbing equipment.
Plumbing for the water supply system
Plumbing fittings consist of a complex of shut-off valves (ball and valve), valves that prevent backflow of drains. To connect structural elements, various types of fittings must be included in the list of plumbing equipment: threaded, press and compression. In addition, it is necessary to have filters and meters, which are installed at the points of entry of water into the house.
Devices that control the operation of plumbing equipment: taps, mixers, are connected to water sockets. This also includes existing household appliances.
Water supply source
The organization of water supply at the summer cottage is possible if there is 1 of 2 types of source - wells, or they equip a water supply in the country from a well.
Well water supply also has its own characteristics and advantages:
- Convenience of cleaning the structure from silt and algae, which implies the possibility of increasing the operation up to 10 years or more. At the same time, it remains possible to provide the family with water in case of emergency.
- For the installation of the well, not only old wooden log cabins are used. Now reinforced concrete rings serve as construction material. Their diameter is from 1 meter. It is possible to dig a well using equipment and manually to a depth of 25-30 meters.
Equipment and materials
In such a system, water entering the pump through the central pipe is directed to the axis of the disc wheel, which changes the direction of flow to a side outlet, through which it is pushed out by the blades of the working chamber.
These types of devices are characterized by high efficiency. In addition, they can work with a turbid composition of water.
The second type of pump, which has become in demand for laying water supply in a country house, is a superficial one. This device transports liquid from water layers located at a depth of more than 9-10 meters. For the convenience of users using such devices in everyday life, they are supplied for sale complete with a pumping station, the design of which has a hydraulic accumulator or storage tank, a relay that closes and opens the circuit when the pressure changes, and a pressure gauge.
Such pumps are used to supply clean water to houses, so they are maximally designed for a supply volume of 5 m3 / hour.
The efficiency of the surface device operating on the principle of a centrifugal pump reaches 65%.
In the development of submersible devices, there are models that include the required number of stages in their system. Such designs are capable of gradually increasing the water pressure inside the housing. These models can supply cloudy liquid, provided that its temperature does not exceed + 35 ° C.
Preservation of well water supply for winter
It is recommended to treat water with bleach 2 times a year. At the end of the year, after removing the pump, after the rains, 2-3 matchboxes of bleach are poured into the well, covered with an industrial cover and left until the first warm days.
After the snow melts, the water in the well is disinfected with bleach again.
Preservation of the pipe system for the winter
When starting to preserve pipes, first of all, they free the entire system from water residues. They begin to drain the liquid from the house from the upper floor. It is necessary to remove the hoses from the boilers, ensuring a free drain of the liquid.
Plumbing for seasonal use
The requirements for arranging a seasonal water supply differ from the rules for laying and insulating a water supply system in dachas with permanent residence of people, where water supply to the house is required throughout the year.
In winter, the owner, coming to the dacha for a few days, connects the pump to the internal wiring using a flexible hose.
Thermal insulation of the system is not required, but it is necessary to have a device that will drain the water at the time of departure. It is a standard drain valve mounted in the bottom of a horizontal pipe. The water remaining in the pipe will freeze, which will lead to the destruction of the entire communication.
Do not forget about the storage water heater. For winter, cold and hot water should be drained.
Plumbing maintenance rules
- Monitor the operation of the operating pump, carry out timely cleaning of the device, replace the gaskets. Follow all recommendations attached to the pump manual.
- Check the composition of the water to prevent surface water from entering the well.
- Monitor the pressure in the water supply system. The pressure should be within the range from 2.5 to 4 atmospheres.
- Clean filters installed to trap coarse particles, stones and clots of dirt. Excluding them from entering the system will avoid mechanical damage to the equipment.
The ability to connect automatic devices to control the water supply process will prevent emergencies in the absence of liquid from the source, a sharp change in pressure parameters. The machine will work, the relay will stop the device.
So that there are no complaints about the water supply system during operation, the work meets all safety requirements, when laying it, it is necessary to think through each stage of the construction of the structure.
